python办公自动化(1)

在某个文件目录下，找到某个文件

非递归

# 连续在res⽂件夹内查找某个⽂件
import os
# 获取当前路径
cur_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__name__))
# 获取当前路径⽗⽬录
parent_dir = os.path.dirname(cur_dir)
# 定位到res⽂件夹
find_path = os.path.join(parent_dir, 'res')

while 1:
    find_file_name = input(f"请提示你想在{find_path}中查找的文件名(q退出)\n")
    if find_file_name=='q':
        break

    file_exists=False #表示是否存在
    for item in os.listdir(find_path):
        if item==find_file_name:
            file_exists=True
            break

    if file_exists:
        print("文件找到")

递归

这个是能查到所有的目录

# 连续在res⽂件夹内查找某个⽂件
import os

# 获取当前路径
cur_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__name__))
# 获取当前路径⽗⽬录
parent_dir = os.path.dirname(cur_dir)
# 定位到res⽂件夹
find_path, file_path = os.path.join(parent_dir, 'res'), None

while 1:
    find_file_name = input(f"请提示你想在{find_path}中查找的文件名(q退出)\n")
    if find_file_name == 'q':
        break
    file_exists = False  # 表示是否存在

    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(find_path):
        for item in files:
            if item == find_file_name:
                file_exists = True
                file_path = os.path.join(root, item)
                break
    if file_exists:
        print("文件找到")
    else:
        print("没有找到")

3 根据⽂件后缀名查找⽂件

#  第⼀件事情， os.path.splitext() 中传⼊ item （⽂件名是 **.&&& 】）
#  这时，返回的结果是列表： ["**", ".&&&"]
# [1] 表示选择上⾯列表中，下标为 1 的元素，即选出 ".&&&"
#  第三件事情， lower() 函数将 ".&&&" 中的⼤写英⽂字⺟统⼀转为⼩写
#  这时的 extension 赋值的结果为 ".docx" ，字⺟是⼩写
import os
#  获取当前路径
cur_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__name__))
#  获取当前路径⽗⽬录
parent_dir = os.path.dirname(cur_dir)
extension_name = input(f"你想要查找哪写后缀名⽂件，不同⽂件类型间⽤,隔开（如xlsx,mp3等
tmp_extensions = extension_name.split(",")
extensions = ['.' + item for item in tmp_extensions]
found_files_count = 0
for item in os.listdir(os.path.join(parent_dir, 'res')):
extension = os.path.splitext(item)[1].lower()
if extension in extensions:
print(f"【找到⽂件】" + item)
found_files_count += 1
print(f"⼀共有{found_files_count}个⽂件")

4 递归移动到⽂件

import os
import shutil
source_folder_name = input("输⼊想要操作的⽂件夹：")
file_extension = input("输⼊想要复制⽂件后缀(格式为xlsx等)")
target_folder = input("输⼊移动到⽂件夹名称")
mv_files = []
for root, folders, files in os.walk(source_folder_name):
for cur_file in files:
if os.path.splitext(cur_file)[1] == '.' + file_extension:
mv_files.append(os.path.join(root, cur_file))
#  剪切这些⽂件
if input('你确定要移动吗？(y/n)') == 'y':
for cp_file in mv_files:
if os.path.exists(os.path.join(target_folder, os.path.basename(cp_file
continue
shutil.move(cp_file, target_folder)
print("Done")

5 递归复制⽂件

import os
import shutil
source_folder_name = input("输⼊想要操作的⽂件夹：")
file_extension = input("输⼊想要复制⽂件后缀(格式为xlsx等)")
target_folder = input("输⼊复制到⽂件夹名称")
cp_files = []
for root, folders, files in os.walk(source_folder_name):
for cur_file in files:
if os.path.splitext(cur_file)[1] == '.' + file_extension:
cp_files.append(os.path.join(root, cur_file))
#  复制这些⽂件
for cp_file in cp_files:
shutil.copy(cp_file, target_folder)
print("Done")

6 递归删除

import os
source_folder_name = input("输⼊想要操作的⽂件夹：")
file_extension = input("输⼊想要删除⽂件后缀(格式为xlsx等)")
del_files = []
for root, folders, files in os.walk(source_folder_name):
for cur_file in files:
if os.path.splitext(cur_file)[1] == '.' + file_extension:
del_files.append(os.path.join(root, cur_file))
#  删除这些⽂件
if input('你确定要删除吗？(y/n)') == 'y':
for cp_file in del_files:
os.remove(cp_file)
print("Done")

7 整理为模块

import os
import shutil
def copy_files(source_folder_name, target_folder, file_extension='xlsx'):
"""
批量复制指定后缀名的⽂件
:param source_folder_name:
:param target_folder:
:param file_extension:
:return:
"""
cp_files = []
for root, folders, files in os.walk(source_folder_name):
for cur_file in files:
if os.path.splitext(cur_file)[1] == '.' + file_extension:
cp_files.append(os.path.join(root, cur_file))
#  复制这些⽂件
for cp_file in cp_files:
shutil.copy(cp_file, target_folder)
print("Done")
def delete_files(source_folder_name, file_extension='xlsx'):
"""
批量删除指定后缀名的⽂件
:param source_folder_name:
:param file_extension:
:return:
"""
del_files = []
for root, folders, files in os.walk(source_folder_name):
for cur_file in files:
if os.path.splitext(cur_file)[1] == '.' + file_extension:
del_files.append(os.path.join(root, cur_file))
#  删除这些⽂件
for cp_file in del_files:
os.remove(cp_file)
print("Done")
def move_files(source_folder_name, target_folder, file_extension='xlsx'):
"""
批量移动指定后缀名的⽂件
:param source_folder_name:
:param target_folder:
:param file_extension:
:return:
"""
mv_files = []
for root, folders, files in os.walk(source_folder_name):
for cur_file in files:
if os.path.splitext(cur_file)[1] == '.' + file_extension:
mv_files.append(os.path.join(root, cur_file))
#  剪切这些⽂件
for cp_file in mv_files:
if os.path.exists(os.path.join(target_folder, os.path.basename(cp_file
continue
shutil.move(cp_file, target_folder)
print("Done")
def walk_to_find(find_path, find_file_name):
"""
路径find_path中递归查找⽂件find_file_name
:param find_path:
:param find_file_name:
:return:
"""
result_path = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(find_path):
for item in files:
if item == find_file_name:
file_path = os.path.join(root, item)
result_path.append(file_path)
if len(result_path) > 0:
print("找到⽂件")
print("\n".join(result_path))
else:
print("⽂件未找到")
return result_path
def find_extension(find_path, extension_name='xlsx,mp3'):
"""
递归查找指定后缀名的⽂件
:param find_path:
:param extension_name:
:return:
"""
tmp_extensions = extension_name.split(",")
extensions = ['.' + item for item in tmp_extensions]
result_path = []
for cur_dir, folders, files in os.walk(find_path):
for item in files:
extension = os.path.splitext(item)[1].lower()
if extension in extensions:
result_path.append(os.path.join(cur_dir, item))
if len(result_path) > 0:
print("\n".join(result_path))
else:
print("未找到")
def stat_file(folder_name):
"""
统计⽂件个数，⽂件夹个数
:param folder_name:
:return:
"""
file_count, folder_count = 0, 0
if folder_name:
for dir, folders, files in os.walk(folder_name):
file_count += len(files)
folder_count += len(folders)
print(f"{folder_name}⾥⼀共包括:{file_count}个⽂件, {folder_count}个⽂件夹
return file_count, folder_count

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