【赵渝强老师】Redis的安装与访问

  本文将基于Redis 6.2版本进行讲解，并将Redis部署在CentOS 7 64位的虚拟机环境中。下图展示了Redis官方网站提供的Redis下载信息。

提示：由于Redis基于C语言开发，因此在安装CentOS 7的时候需要安装GCC编译器。GCC（GNU Compiler Collection，GNU编译器套件）是由GNU开发的编程语言译器。GNU编译器套件包括C、C++、 Objective-C、Fortran、Java、Ada和Go语言前端，也包括了这些语言的库。

  视频讲解如下：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1FD421u7Qe/?aid=1505626454&c...

  下面通过具体的步骤来安装部署Redis。
（1）创建Redis的安装目录。

mkdir /root/training/

（2）解压Redis的安装包。

tar -zxvf redis-6.2.6.tar.gz
cd redis-6.2.6/

（3）编译Redis，并将其安装到/root/training/redis目录下。

make
make PREFIX=/root/training/redis install

（4）将Redis的配置文件redis.conf复制到/root/training/redis/conf目录下。

mkdir /root/training/redis/conf
cp redis.conf /root/training/redis/conf

（5）查看Redis的目录结构。

tree /root/training/redis/

输出的信息如下
/root/training/redis/
├── bin
│   ├── redis-benchmark                        Redis基准测试工具
│   ├── redis-check-aof -> redis-server        AOF持久化文件检测和修复工具
│   ├── redis-check-rdb -> redis-server        RDB持久化文件检测和修复工具
│   ├── redis-cli                            Redis客户端程序
│   ├── redis-sentinel -> redis-server        Redis哨兵启动程序
│   └── redis-server                        Redis服务器端启动程序
└── conf
    └── redis.conf
2 directories, 7 files

（6）使用vi编辑器修改/root/training/redis/conf/redis.conf的文件。

......
# IF YOU ARE SURE YOU WANT YOUR INSTANCE TO LISTEN TO ALL THE 
# INTERFACES JUST COMMENT OUT THE FOLLOWING LINE.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# bind 127.0.0.1 -::1        注释掉该行
......
# By default protected mode is enabled. You should disable it only if
# you are sure you want clients from other hosts to connect to Redis
# even if no authentication is configured, nor a specific set of interfaces
# are explicitly listed using the "bind" directive.
protected-mode no            将protected-mode改为no
......
################### GENERAL ###################

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid 
# when daemonized.
# When Redis is supervised by upstart or systemd, this parameter has 
# no impact. 
daemonize yes                将daemonize改为yes
......

（7）在默认情况下，Redis没有启用系统日志功能。为了能够更好地监控Redis，建议在生产环境中启用Redis的系统日志。修改/root/training/redis/conf/redis.conf的文件。

......
# Specify the server verbosity level.
# This can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel notice

# Specify the log file name. Also the empty string can be used to force
# Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile "/root/training/redis/redis.log"    设置Redis系统日志文件
......

（8）进入Redis的安装目录，执行bin目录下的redis-server命令启动Redis。

bin/redis-server conf/redis.conf

（9）查看文件/root/training/redis/redis.log的内容。

......
*** #oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
*** #Redis version=6.2.6,bits=64,commit=00000000,modified=0,
*** #pid=121814,just started
*** #Configuration loaded
*** *Increased maximum number of open files to 10032
*** #(it was originally set to 1024).
*** *monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
*** *Running mode=standalone, port=6379.
......
*** #Server initialized
......
*** *Ready to accept connections
......

提示：从redis.log文件中可以看出，当前Redis实例是一个单节点实例并且Redis Server默认监听6379端口。

（10）使用ps命名查看Redis的后台进程信息。

ps -ef|grep redis

输出的信息如下：
root     121814      1  0 09:59 ?        00:00:00 bin/redis-server *:6379
root     121902 116943  0 10:05 pts/1      00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis

（11）使用Redis的客户端工具登录Redis Server。

bin/redis-cli

（12）执行info命令查看Redis Server的统计信息。

127.0.0.1:6379> info
输出的信息如下：
# Server
redis_version:6.2.6
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:d9df5c2d7eb8e995
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
......