解决org.hibernate.type.descriptor.java.EnumJavaTypeDescriptor.fromOrdinal错误，需使用javax.persistence.Converter。在Spring Boot应用中，将数据库的INT值映射回枚举UserRole时，因枚举ID从1开始而非0，导致读取顺序值出错。通过在User POJO中添加@Convert注解，并在UserRole中实现AttributeConverter接口，解决了数据库值与枚举值的映射问题。具体代码示例如下：

@Convert(converter = UserRole.UserRoleConverter.class)
@Column(name = "ROLE")
@NotNull(message = "Role is required")
@JsonAlias("roleId")
private UserRole roleId;

@Converter(autoApply = true)
public static class UserRoleConverter implements AttributeConverter<UserRole, Integer> {
    @Override
    public Integer convertToDatabaseColumn(UserRole attribute) {
        if (attribute == null) {
            throw new BadRequestException("Please provide a valid User Role.");
        }
        return attribute.getId();
    }

    @Override
    public UserRole convertToEntityAttribute(Integer dbData) {
        return UserRole.valueOf(dbData);
    }
}