Debian 镜像的秘密迷宫 - SegmentFault 思否

Difficulty in finding right Debian image due to thousands of ISO and cloud images, multiple CPU architectures and download methods.
Main image server directory structure is like a maze and web pages for downloading are confusing.
Important facts:
- https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/
- Newest netinst ISO
- Newest Debian live testing with GNOME
- No official Debian stable ISO with backports kernel.
- FAIme web service creates custom images with newer kernel.
- Oldest image: Other-Maybe-Official - Debian-i386 2.1 Disc 1.iso
Three types of images: installer (for installing Debian without OS), live (for trying Debian desktop without installing), cloud (for running Debian VM in different clouds).
For stable release:
- https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/release/ shows 12.9.0, 12.9.0-live, current, current-live. current and current-live are symlinks to 12.9.0 and 12.9.0-live.
- In amd64 folder: bt (BitTorrent), iso (ISO files), jigdo (special download for experts), list (contains.deb file names).
- Different variants: bd (Blu-ray), cd (CD), dvd (DVD), 16G (USB stick), dlbd (dual layer Blu-ray).
Live images in [release/12.9.0-live/amd64/iso-hybrid/]: 7 different live images with common desktop environments and one with text interface.
For newer versions:
- [weekly-builds/amd64/iso-cd/debian-testing-amd64-netinst.iso] and similar for live images. New variant debian-junior. BitTorrent not available for weekly builds.
- [daily-builds/sid_d-i/arch-latest/amd64/iso-cd/debian-testing-amd64-netinst.iso] for newest installation image.
FAIme web service can build custom installation image with backports kernel.
Older releases:
- [https://cdimage.debian.org/cd...] contains 6163 ISO files starting from Debian 3.0.
- Full DVD and netinst images for oldstable release.
- Oldest ISO is from 1999 with kernel 2.0.36 and booted in KVM with 500MB RAM (8MB also works).
Other folders: ports (non official supported hardware architectures with around 760 ISO files), unofficial (1445 ISO files including non-free firmware blobs in the past), and more than 34,000 cloud images.