通过selenium测试网页，总是报错“driver.find_element_by_id”？

Question

实例代码

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

def initialize_driver():
    options = Options()
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
    return driver

def find_element_by_id(driver, element_id):
    try:
        element = driver.find_element_by_id(element_id)
        print(element)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Element with ID '{element_id}' not found.")

def find_elements_by_id(driver, element_id):
    try:
        elements = driver.find_elements_by_id(element_id)
        print(elements)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Elements with ID '{element_id}' not found.")

def find_element_by_class(driver, class_name):
    try:
        element = driver.find_element_by_class_name(class_name)
        print(element)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Element with class '{class_name}' not found.")

def find_element_by_xpath(driver, xpath):
    try:
        element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
        print(element)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Element with XPath '{xpath}' not found.")

def find_element_by_link_text(driver, link_text):
    try:
        element = driver.find_element_by_link_text(link_text)
        print(element)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Element with link text '{link_text}' not found.")

def find_element_by_partial_link_text(driver, partial_link_text):
    try:
        element = driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(partial_link_text)
        print(element)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Element with partial link text '{partial_link_text}' not found.")

def find_elements_by_tag_name(driver, tag_name):
    try:
        elements = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name(tag_name)
        print(elements)
    except NoSuchElementException:
        print(f"Elements with tag name '{tag_name}' not found.")

def retrieve_tags():
    driver = initialize_driver()

    driver.get('https://www.douban.com')

    # 使用封装的函数进行元素查找
    find_element_by_id(driver, 'anony-nav')
    # find_elements_by_id(driver, 'anony-nav')
    # find_element_by_class(driver, 'anony-nav')
    # find_element_by_xpath(driver, '//*[@id="anony-nav"]/h1/a')
    # find_element_by_link_text(driver, '下载豆瓣 App')
    # find_element_by_partial_link_text(driver, '豆瓣')
    # find_elements_by_tag_name(driver, 'div')
    # find_element_by_tag_name(driver, 'h1')
    # find_element_by_link_text(driver, '下载豆瓣 App')

    # 关闭WebDriver
    driver.quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    retrieve_tags()

解析：如上代码在脚本通过“find_element_by_id”获取元素对象的时候就一直报错，断点查看“driver”对象是存在的，但是“find_element_by_id”不存在，是因为版本问题吗？

有没有大佬帮忙看一下，刚刚学，不是很懂，谢谢。

Answer 1

应该是版本不同导致的API不同，见：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51637785/article/details/125509483