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在Django里,流式响应StreamingHttpResponse是个好东西,可以快速、节省内存地产生一个大型文件。

目前项目里用于流式响应的一个是Eventsource,用于改善跨系统通讯时用户产生的慢速的感觉。这个不细说了。

还有一个就是生成一个大的csv文件。

当Django进程处于gunicorn或者uwsgi等web容器中时,如果响应超过一定时间没有返回,就会被web容器终止掉,虽然我们可以通过加长web容器的超时时间来绕过这个问题,但是毕竟还是治标不治本。要根本上解决这个问题,Python的生成器、Django框架提供的StreamingHttpResponse这个流式响应很有帮助

而在csv中,中文的处理也至关重要,要保证用excel打开csv不乱码什么的。。为了节约空间,我就把所有代码贴到一起了。。实际使用按照项目的规划放置哈

上代码:

pythonfrom __future__ import absolute_import
import csv
import codecs
import cStringIO


class Echo(object):

    def write(self, value):
        return value

class UnicodeWriter:

    """
    A CSV writer which will write rows to CSV file "f",
    which is encoded in the given encoding.
    """

    def __init__(self, f, dialect=csv.excel, encoding="utf-8", **kwds):
        # Redirect output to a queue
        self.queue = cStringIO.StringIO()
        self.writer = csv.writer(self.queue, dialect=dialect, **kwds)
        self.stream = f
        self.encoder = codecs.getincrementalencoder(encoding)()

    def writerow(self, row):
        self.writer.writerow([handle_column(s) for s in row])
        # Fetch UTF-8 output from the queue ...
        data = self.queue.getvalue()
        data = data.decode("utf-8")
        # ... and reencode it into the target encoding
        data = self.encoder.encode(data)
        # write to the target stream
        value = self.stream.write(data)
        # empty queue
        self.queue.truncate(0)
        return value

    def writerows(self, rows):
        for row in rows:
            self.writerow(row)






from django.views.generic import View
from django.http.response import StreamingHttpResponse

class ExampleView(View):
    headers=['一些','表头']
    def get(self,request):
        result = [['第一行','数据1'],
                  ['第二行','数据2']]
        echoer = Echo()
        writer = UnicodeWriter(echoer)
        def csv_itertor():
                yield codecs.BOM_UTF8
                yield writer.writerow(self.headers)
                for column in result:
                    yield writer.writerow(column)

        response = StreamingHttpResponse(
            (row for row in csv_itertor()),
            content_type="text/csv;charset=utf-8")
        response['Content-Disposition'
                 ] = 'attachment;filename="example.csv"'
        return response

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