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测试腾讯邮箱自动化登陆

  1. 安装selenium 类
  2. 安装chromedriver
  3. 定位腾讯企业邮箱的元素

image.png


# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
from selenium import  webdriver
import time

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions  as EC
driver_path = 'C:\\Users\\silence_sean\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chromedriver.exe'



driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)
driver.get('https://exmail.qq.com/login')


driver.find_element_by_class_name('js_show_pwd_panel').click()
driver.find_element_by_id('inputuin').send_keys('xxxxx.com')
driver.find_element_by_id('pp').send_keys('xxxxx')
driver.find_element_by_id('btlogin').click()

selenum.png

  • 右键 “检查” 即可看到定位的元素信息

image.png

image.png

image.png

常用方法函数
======

1.  加载浏览器驱动: webdriver.Chrome()
2.  打开页面:get()
3.  关闭浏览器:quit()
4.  最大化窗口: maximize\_window()
5.  设置窗口参数:set\_window\_size(600,800)
6.  后退到前一页: back()
7.  前进到后一页: forward()
8.  刷新页面: refresh()
9.  元素定位:
    *   id定位:find\_element\_by\_id()
    *   name定位:find\_element\_by\_name()
    *   class定位:find\_element\_by\_class()
    *   tag定位:find\_element\_by\_tag\_name()
    *   link定位:find\_element\_by\_link\_text()
    *   partial link 定位: find\_element\_by\_partial\_link\_text()
    *   CSS定位:find\_element\_by\_css\_selector()
    *   Xpath定位:
        *   绝对路径:find\_element\_by\_xpath("/html/body/div\[x\]/div\[x\]/div/div/dl\[x\]/dt/a")
        *   元素属性:find\_element\_by\_xpath("//unput\[@id=‘kw’\]")
        *   层级与属性结合:find\_element\_by\_xpath("//form\[@id=‘loginForm’\]/ul/input\[1\]")
        *   逻辑运算符:find\_element\_by\_xpath("//input\[@id=‘kw’ and@class=‘s\_ipt’\]")
10.  清除文本:clear()
11.  模拟按键输入:send\_keys(\*value)11.模拟按键输入:send\_keys(\*value)
12.  单击元素:click()
13.  提交表单(相当于"回车"):submit()
14.  鼠标事件:
    
#coding:utf-8
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

ActionChains(driver).***opration(opra)*** .perform()

elemengt = driver.find_element_by_xpath("xpath")
ActionChains(driver).    double_click(DoubleClick)     .perform()#双击
ActionChains(driver).    context_click(RightClick)     .perform()#右击
ActionChains(driver).    drag_and_drop(Start, End)     .perform()#拖放
ActionChains(driver).    move_to_element(Above)         .perform()#悬停
ActionChains(driver).    click_and_hold(leftclick)     .perform()#按下

```
  1. 键盘事件:

    send\_keys(Keys.BACK\_SPACE) = BackSpace  
    send\_keys(Keys.SPACE) = Space  
    send\_keys(Keys.TAB) = Tab  
    send\_keys(Keys.ESCAPE) = Esc  
    send\_keys(Keys.ENTER) = Enter  
    send\_keys(Keys.CONTROL,‘a’) = Ctrl+A  
    send\_keys(Keys.F1) = 键盘F1
  2. 元素等待:

    *   显示等待
    
    #coding=utf-8
    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
    from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
    
    base_url = "http://www.baidu.com"
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.implicitly_wait(5)
    '''隐式等待和显示等待都存在时,超时时间取二者中较大的'''
    locator = (By.ID,'kw')
    driver.get(base_url)
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.title_is(u"百度一下,你就知道"))
    '''判断title,返回布尔值'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.title_contains(u"百度一下"))
    '''判断title,返回布尔值'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'kw')))
    '''判断某个元素是否被加到了dom树里,并不代表该元素一定可见,如果定位到就返回WebElement'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID,'su')))
    '''判断某个元素是否被添加到了dom里并且可见,可见代表元素可显示且宽和高都大于0'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of(driver.find_element(by=By.ID,value='kw')))
    '''判断元素是否可见,如果可见就返回这个元素'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.mnav')))
    '''判断是否至少有1个元素存在于dom树中,如果定位到就返回列表'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_any_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'.mnav')))
    '''判断是否至少有一个元素在页面中可见,如果定位到就返回列表'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.XPATH,"//*[@id='u1']/a[8]"),u'设置'))
    '''判断指定的元素中是否包含了预期的字符串,返回布尔值'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element_value((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'#su'),u'百度一下'))
    '''判断指定元素的属性值中是否包含了预期的字符串,返回布尔值'''
    
    #WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it(locator))
    '''判断该frame是否可以switch进去,如果可以的话,返回True并且switch进去,否则返回False'''
    #注意这里并没有一个frame可以切换进去
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.invisibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'#swfEveryCookieWrap')))
    '''判断某个元素在是否存在于dom或不可见,如果可见返回False,不可见返回这个元素'''
    #注意#swfEveryCookieWrap在此页面中是一个隐藏的元素
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH,"//*[@id='u1']/a[8]"))).click()
    '''判断某个元素中是否可见并且是enable的,代表可点击'''
    driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='wrapper']/div[6]/a[1]").click()
    #WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH,"//*[@id='wrapper']/div[6]/a[1]"))).click()
    
    #WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.staleness_of(driver.find_element(By.ID,'su')))
    '''等待某个元素从dom树中移除'''
    #这里没有找到合适的例子
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_to_be_selected(driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//*[@id='nr']/option[1]")))
    '''判断某个元素是否被选中了,一般用在下拉列表'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_selection_state_to_be(driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//*[@id='nr']/option[1]"),True))
    '''判断某个元素的选中状态是否符合预期'''
    
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_located_selection_state_to_be((By.XPATH,"//*[@id='nr']/option[1]"),True))
    '''判断某个元素的选中状态是否符合预期'''
    driver.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='gxszButton']/a[1]").click()
    
    instance = WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.alert_is_present())
    '''判断页面上是否存在alert,如果有就切换到alert并返回alert的内容'''
    print(instance.text)
    instance.accept()
    
    driver.close()
    
    *   隐式等待
    
    from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
    drive.implicitly_wait(10)
    
  3. 多表单切换:switch\_to.frame()
  4. 多窗口切换:switch\_to.window()

    当前句柄:current\_window\_handle  
    所有句柄:window\_handles
  5. 警告框处理:switch\_to\_alert()

    text:返回所有alert/confirm/prompt中的文字信息  
    accept():接受现有警告框  
    dismiss():解散现有警告框  
    send\_keys(keysToSend):发送文本至警告框
  6. cookie处理:

    get\_cookies():获得所有cookie信息  
    get\_cookie(name):返回字典的key为“name”的cookie信息  
    add\_cookie(cookie\_dict):添加cookie。“cookie\_dict”指字典对象,必须有name和value值  
    delete\_cookie(name,optionsString):删除cookie信息。“name”是要删除的cookie的名称,“optionsString”是该cookie的选项,目前支持的选项包括“路径”,“域”  
    delete\_all\_cookies():删除所有cookie信息
  7. 窗口截图:get\_screenshot\_as\_file()
  8. 关闭窗口:close()
  9. 生成随机数:radint()
  10. 获得title并打印

    
    ```Python3
    #coding:utf-8
    from selenium import webdriver
    
    title = driver.title
    print(title)
    
    if title == u"百度一下,你就知道":#比较title
      print("title yes!")
    else:
    print("title no!")
    
    url = driver.current_url#获得当前URL并打印
    print(url)
    
    ```
    
  11. 滚动条设置(2种方式):

    
    ```Python
    # 使用scrollTop滑动到底部
    js = "var action=document.documentElement.scrollTop=10000"
    driver.execute_script(js)
    
    # 使用scrollTo设置位置
    driver.set_window_size(600, 600)
    js = "window.scrollTo(100,450);"
    driver.execute_script(js)
    ```
    

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