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扫雷是一款益智类小游戏,最早于 1992 年由微软在 Windows 上发行,游戏适合于全年龄段,规则简单,即在最短的时间内找出所有非雷格子且在中间过程中不能踩到雷,踩到雷则失败,需重新开始。

本文我们使用 Python 来实现扫雷游戏,主要用的 Python 库是 pygame。

实现

游戏组成比较简单,主要包括:小方格、计时器、地雷等。

首先,我们初始化一些常量,比如:横竖方块数、地雷数、鼠标点击情况等,如下所示:

BLOCK_WIDTH = 30
BLOCK_HEIGHT = 16
# 块大小
SIZE = 20
# 地雷数
MINE_COUNT = 66
# 未点击
normal = 1
# 已点击
opened = 2
# 地雷
mine = 3
# 标记为地雷
flag = 4
# 标记为问号
ask = 5
# 踩中地雷
bomb = 6
# 被双击的周围
hint = 7
# 正被鼠标左右键双击
double = 8
readied = 1,
started = 2,
over = 3,
win = 4

接着定义一个地雷类,类中定义一些基本属性(如:坐标、状态等)及 get、set 方法,代码实现如下:

class Mine:
    def __init__(self, x, y, value=0):
        self._x = x
        self._y = y
        self._value = 0
        self._around_mine_count = -1
        self._status = normal
        self.set_value(value)
    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self._value)
    def get_x(self):
        return self._x
    def set_x(self, x):
        self._x = x
    x = property(fget=get_x, fset=set_x)
    def get_y(self):
        return self._y
    def set_y(self, y):
        self._y = y
    y = property(fget=get_y, fset=set_y)
    def get_value(self):
        return self._value
    def set_value(self, value):
        if value:
            self._value = 1
        else:
            self._value = 0
    value = property(fget=get_value, fset=set_value, doc='0:非地雷 1:雷')
    def get_around_mine_count(self):
        return self._around_mine_count
    def set_around_mine_count(self, around_mine_count):
        self._around_mine_count = around_mine_count
    around_mine_count = property(fget=get_around_mine_count, fset=set_around_mine_count, doc='四周地雷数量')
    def get_status(self):
        return self._status
    def set_status(self, value):
        self._status = value
    status = property(fget=get_status, fset=set_status, doc='BlockStatus')

再接着定义一个 MineBlock 类,用来处理扫雷的基本逻辑,代码实现如下:

class MineBlock:
    def __init__(self):
        self._block = [[Mine(i, j) for i in range(BLOCK_WIDTH)] for j in range(BLOCK_HEIGHT)]
        # 埋雷
        for i in random.sample(range(BLOCK_WIDTH * BLOCK_HEIGHT), MINE_COUNT):
            self._block[i // BLOCK_WIDTH][i % BLOCK_WIDTH].value = 1
    def get_block(self):
        return self._block
    block = property(fget=get_block)
    def getmine(self, x, y):
        return self._block[y][x]
    def open_mine(self, x, y):
        # 踩到雷了
        if self._block[y][x].value:
            self._block[y][x].status = bomb
            return False
        # 先把状态改为 opened
        self._block[y][x].status = opened
        around = _get_around(x, y)
        _sum = 0
        for i, j in around:
            if self._block[j][i].value:
                _sum += 1
        self._block[y][x].around_mine_count = _sum
        # 如果周围没有雷,那么将周围 8 个未中未点开的递归算一遍
        if _sum == 0:
            for i, j in around:
                if self._block[j][i].around_mine_count == -1:
                    self.open_mine(i, j)
        return True
    def double_mouse_button_down(self, x, y):
        if self._block[y][x].around_mine_count == 0:
            return True
        self._block[y][x].status = double
        around = _get_around(x, y)
        # 周围被标记的雷数量
        sumflag = 0
        for i, j in _get_around(x, y):
            if self._block[j][i].status == flag:
                sumflag += 1
        # 周边的雷已经全部被标记
        result = True
        if sumflag == self._block[y][x].around_mine_count:
            for i, j in around:
                if self._block[j][i].status == normal:
                    if not self.open_mine(i, j):
                        result = False
        else:
            for i, j in around:
                if self._block[j][i].status == normal:
                    self._block[j][i].status = hint
        return result
    def double_mouse_button_up(self, x, y):
        self._block[y][x].status = opened
        for i, j in _get_around(x, y):
            if self._block[j][i].status == hint:
                self._block[j][i].status = normal

我们接下来初始化界面,首先生成由小方格组成的面板,主要代码实现如下:

for row in block.block:
    for mine in row:
        pos = (mine.x * SIZE, (mine.y + 2) * SIZE)
        if mine.status == opened:
            screen.blit(img_dict[mine.around_mine_count], pos)
            opened_count += 1
        elif mine.status == double:
            screen.blit(img_dict[mine.around_mine_count], pos)
        elif mine.status == bomb:
            screen.blit(img_blood, pos)
        elif mine.status == flag:
            screen.blit(img_flag, pos)
            flag_count += 1
        elif mine.status == ask:
            screen.blit(img_ask, pos)
        elif mine.status == hint:
            screen.blit(img0, pos)
        elif game_status == over and mine.value:
            screen.blit(img_mine, pos)
        elif mine.value == 0 and mine.status == flag:
            screen.blit(img_error, pos)
        elif mine.status == normal:
            screen.blit(img_blank, pos)

看一下效果:

再接着添加面板的 head 部分,包括:显示雷数、重新开始按钮(笑脸)、显示耗时,主要代码实现如下:

print_text(screen, font1, 30, (SIZE * 2 - fheight) // 2 - 2, '%02d' % (MINE_COUNT - flag_count), red)
if game_status == started:
    elapsed_time = int(time.time() - start_time)
print_text(screen, font1, SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth - 30, (SIZE * 2 - fheight) // 2 - 2, '%03d' % elapsed_time, red)
if flag_count + opened_count == BLOCK_WIDTH * BLOCK_HEIGHT:
    game_status = win
if game_status == over:
    screen.blit(img_face_fail, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))
elif game_status == win:
    screen.blit(img_face_success, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))
else:
    screen.blit(img_face_normal, (face_pos_x, face_pos_y))

看一下效果:

再接着添加各种点击事件,代码实现如下:

for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == QUIT:
        sys.exit()
    elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        mouse_x, mouse_y = event.pos
        x = mouse_x // SIZE
        y = mouse_y // SIZE - 2
        b1, b2, b3 = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
        if game_status == started:
            # 鼠标左右键同时按下,如果已经标记了所有雷,则打开周围一圈;如果还未标记完所有雷,则有一个周围一圈被同时按下的效果
            if b1 and b3:
                mine = block.getmine(x, y)
                if mine.status == opened:
                    if not block.double_mouse_button_down(x, y):
                        game_status = over
    elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
        if y < 0:
            if face_pos_x <= mouse_x <= face_pos_x + face_size \
                    and face_pos_y <= mouse_y <= face_pos_y + face_size:
                game_status = readied
                block = MineBlock()
                start_time = time.time()
                elapsed_time = 0
                continue
        if game_status == readied:
            game_status = started
            start_time = time.time()
            elapsed_time = 0
        if game_status == started:
            mine = block.getmine(x, y)
            # 按鼠标左键
            if b1 and not b3:
                if mine.status == normal:
                    if not block.open_mine(x, y):
                        game_status = over
            # 按鼠标右键
            elif not b1 and b3:
                if mine.status == normal:
                    mine.status = flag
                elif mine.status == flag:
                    mine.status = ask
                elif mine.status == ask:
                    mine.status = normal
            elif b1 and b3:
                if mine.status == double:
                    block.double_mouse_button_up(x, y)

我们来看一下最终实现效果:

总结

本文我们通过 Python 简单的实现了扫雷游戏,大家有兴趣的话,可以实际操作一下,看看自己能否排除全部的雷。

源码在公号 Python小二 后台回复 201019 获取。

声明:本文作者为本人,但非首发于个人号

Python小二
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