可否用vba获得字符的utf8编码？

Question

python中

print ('好'.encode("utf8"))
b'\xe5\xa5\xbd'

如何在vba中实现呢？

Answer 1

可参考这个
How to convert VBA/VB6 Unicode strings to UTF-8

可以使用 Windows API 函数 WideCharToMultiByte。

Private Declare Function WideCharToMultiByte Lib "kernel32" ( _
    ByVal CodePage As Long, _
    ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
    ByVal lpWideCharStr As Long, _
    ByVal cchWideChar As Long, _
    ByVal lpMultiByteStr As Long, _
    ByVal cbMultiByte As Long, _
    ByVal lpDefaultChar As Long, _
    ByVal lpUsedDefaultChar As Long) As Long

Private Const CP_UTF8 As Long = 65001

Public Function Utf8BytesFromString(strInput As String) As Byte()
    Dim nBytes As Long
    Dim abBuffer() As Byte
    
    ' 获取转换后的字节数
    nBytes = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0&, ByVal StrPtr(strInput), -1, 0&, 0&, 0&, 0&)
    
    ' 初始化字节数组
    ReDim abBuffer(nBytes - 1)
    
    ' 执行转换
    WideCharToMultiByte CP_UTF8, 0&, ByVal StrPtr(strInput), -1, ByVal VarPtr(abBuffer(0)), nBytes, 0&, 0&
    
    Utf8BytesFromString = abBuffer
End Function

Sub TestUtf8Encoding()
    Dim utf8Bytes() As Byte
    Dim i As Integer
    
    utf8Bytes = Utf8BytesFromString("好")
    
    ' 打印每个字节的十六进制表示
    For i = LBound(utf8Bytes) To UBound(utf8Bytes)
        Debug.Print Hex(utf8Bytes(i));
    Next i
End Sub

这个代码定义了一个函数 Utf8BytesFromString，它将 VBA 字符串转换为 UTF-8 编码的字节数组。

调用 TestUtf8Encoding 子程序后的输出结果：

E5 A5 BD

这表示字符串 “好” 被成功编码为UTF-8字节数组，其十六进制表示为 E5 A5 BD。与 Python 中的输出 b'\xe5\xa5\xbd' 是一致的。