都有哪些加密方式？

Question

我现在知道有
MD5
SHA1
DES
3DES
AES
ECC
SHA256
SHA512
BASE64
还有什么？
PHP能用的有什么？

Answer 1

php 内核级的加密有 hash 函数库 ...

外部挂载的内容常用的有 mcrypt mhash 和 OpenSSL 库 ...

分别实现了如下的加密方式 ...

hash

Array
(
[0] => md2
[1] => md4
[2] => md5
[3] => sha1
[4] => sha224
[5] => sha256
[6] => sha384
[7] => sha512
[8] => ripemd128
[9] => ripemd160
[10] => ripemd256
[11] => ripemd320
[12] => whirlpool
[13] => tiger128,3
[14] => tiger160,3
[15] => tiger192,3
[16] => tiger128,4
[17] => tiger160,4
[18] => tiger192,4
[19] => snefru
[20] => snefru256
[21] => gost
[22] => adler32
[23] => crc32
[24] => crc32b
[25] => salsa10
[26] => salsa20
[27] => haval128,3
[28] => haval160,3
[29] => haval192,3
[30] => haval224,3
[31] => haval256,3
[32] => haval128,4
[33] => haval160,4
[34] => haval192,4
[35] => haval224,4
[36] => haval256,4
[37] => haval128,5
[38] => haval160,5
[39] => haval192,5
[40] => haval224,5
[41] => haval256,5
)

mcrypt

3DES
ARCFOUR_IV (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
ARCFOUR (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
BLOWFISH
CAST_128
CAST_256
CRYPT
DES
DES_COMPAT (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
ENIGMA (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only, alias for CRYPT)
GOST
IDEA (non-free)
LOKI97 (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
MARS (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only, non-free)
PANAMA (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
RIJNDAEL_128 (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
RIJNDAEL_192 (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
RIJNDAEL_256 (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
RC2
RC4 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
RC6 (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
RC6_128 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
RC6_192 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
RC6_256 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
SAFER64
SAFER128
SAFERPLUS (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
SERPENT(libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
SERPENT_128 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
SERPENT_192 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
SERPENT_256 (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
SKIPJACK (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
TEAN (libmcrypt 2.2.x only)
THREEWAY
TRIPLEDES (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
TWOFISH (for older mcrypt 2.x versions, or mcrypt > 2.4.x )
TWOFISH128 (TWOFISHxxx are available in newer 2.x versions, but not in the 2.4.x versions)
TWOFISH192
TWOFISH256
WAKE (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)
XTEA (libmcrypt > 2.4.x only)

mhash

ADLER32
CRC32
CRC32B
GOST
HAVAL128
HAVAL160
HAVAL192
HAVAL224
HAVAL256
MD2
MD4
MD5
RIPEMD128
RIPEMD256
RIPEMD320
SHA1
SHA192
SHA224
SHA256
SHA384
SHA512
SNEFRU128
SNEFRU256
TIGER
TIGER128
TIGER160
WHIRLPOOL

OpenSSL

RC2_40
RC2_128
RC2_64
DES
3DES
AES_128_CBC
AES_192_CBC
AES_256_CBC

Answer 2

MD5
SHA1
算是HASH算法。
比较适合保存密码。
至于所谓的长虹表可以通过双次HASH抵制下。
DES
3DES
AES
是对称加密。
特点是速度快。
强度低。
适合大段加密。
ECC
RSA
非对称加密。
PKI中的应用。
具体网站技术不懂。
只谈加密技术。
加密技术还有很多。
算法的变种很多。
比如SM1 SM2 SM3 SCB2等就是国密的算法。
还有同态加密等。