使用setApplicationContext出现运行错误，求解！

Question

因为想在controller以外的类里使用bean，所以在网上找了个实现ApplicationContextAware接口的类，如下

public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext; // Spring应用上下文环境

    // 下面的这个方法上加了@Override注解，原因是继承ApplicationContextAware接口是必须实现的方法
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext)
            throws BeansException {
        SpringContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
        return applicationContext;
    }

    public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
        return applicationContext.getBean(name);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static Object getBean(String name, Class requiredType)
            throws BeansException {
        return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);
    }

    public static boolean containsBean(String name) {
        return applicationContext.containsBean(name);
    }

    public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
        return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);
    }

    public static Class getType(String name)    throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
        return applicationContext.getType(name);
    }

    public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {
        return applicationContext.getAliases(name);
    }
}

并在datasource.xml中加入了bean：

<bean id="SpringContextUtil" class="com.streetLight.util.SpringContextUtil"  scope="singleton"/>

但网上的那个文章没有介绍具体要怎么做，只是说在要引用bean的类里面添加以下代码，即可：

ConcentratorService concentratorService =(ConcentratorService) SpringContextUtil.getBean("concentratorService");

但是出来了NULLPOINTER的运行错误，大概是因为先要用setApplicationContext布置一下context，所以我在代码前面加了以下代码：

    SpringContextUtil scu=new SpringContextUtil();
    scu.setApplicationContext(new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("/WebRoot/WEB-INF/config/datasource.xml"));

但是这次又出现了一些运行错误：

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 8 in XML document from file [/Users/apple/Documents/Eclipse/workspace/streetLight/WebRoot/WEB-INF/config/datasource.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 8; columnNumber: 74; cvc-elt.1: 找不到元素 'beans' 的声明。
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:398)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:335)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:216)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:251)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
    at org.apache.xbean.spring.context.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:168)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:540)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:454)
    at org.apache.xbean.spring.context.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.<init>(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:149)
    at org.apache.xbean.spring.context.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.<init>(FileSystemXmlApplicationContext.java:48)
    at com.streetLight.util.ReceiveThread.init(ReceiveThread.java:46)
    at websocket.runSocket.main(runSocket.java:26)
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 8; columnNumber: 74; cvc-elt.1: 找不到元素 'beans' 的声明。
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:198)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:134)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:437)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:368)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:325)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java:1906)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java:746)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:379)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:605)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3138)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:880)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:606)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:117)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:510)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:848)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:777)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:141)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(DOMParser.java:243)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(DocumentBuilderImpl.java:347)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:76)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadDocument(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:428)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:390)
    ... 15 more

之后我在网上找了一下，说是datasource.xml文件里面的xsd文件未能被找到。以下是该xml文件的部分代码：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans spring-beans-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util spring-util-3.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context spring-context-4.2.xsd">
...
</beans>

的确，http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans spring-beans-4.2.xsd地址要改成http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd才能在网页上被查找出来，但之后发现这个格式是没有错的，改了反而在工程被运行时产生错误。

搞了好几个小时真的不知道是哪里出了问题了，所以来请教各位仁兄～先谢过～～

============================================================

我自己解决了。。。。datasource.xml要改成以下方式：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">

要怎样才能使用本地的xsd啊＝ ＝。。。

Answer 1

其实可以不用用到这个工具类，在需要getBean的类注入一个ApplicationContext即可。

@Autowired
private ApplicationContext context;

...

context.getBean("bean name");

Answer 2

package com.alibaba.tboss.util;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
 
/**
 * 
 * ClassName: SpringContextUtil <br/>
 * Function: 在applicationContext.xml中加入配置 
 *           <bean id="SpringContextUtil" class="com.alibaba.tboss.util.SpringContextUtil"/>
 *           用来得到spring配置的Bean <br/>
 * date: 2015年12月31日 <br/>
 */
public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {  
   private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;     //Spring应用上下文环境  
    
   /** 
   * 实现ApplicationContextAware接口的回调方法，设置上下文环境    
   * @param applicationContext 
   * @throws BeansException 
   */  
   public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {  
       SpringContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;  
   }  
    
   /** 
   * @return ApplicationContext 
   */  
   public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {  
     return applicationContext;  
   }  
    
   /** 
   * 获取对象    
   * @param name 
   * @return Object 一个以所给名字注册的bean的实例 
   * @throws BeansException 
   */  
   public static Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {  
     return applicationContext.getBean(name);  
   } 
   
   /**
    * 
    * getBean: 获取类型为requiredType的对象 . <br/>
    *
    * @param requiredType 返回对象类型 
    * @return 返回requiredType类型对象 
    */
   public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) {
       return applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);
   }
    
   /** 
   * 获取类型为requiredType的对象 
   * 如果bean不能被类型转换，相应的异常将会被抛出（BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException） 
   * @param name       bean注册名 
   * @param requiredType 返回对象类型 
   * @return Object 返回requiredType类型对象 
   * @throws BeansException 
   */  
public static <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {  
     return applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);  
   }  
    
   /** 
   * 如果BeanFactory包含一个与所给名称匹配的bean定义，则返回true  
   * @param name 
   * @return boolean 
   */  
   public static boolean containsBean(String name) {  
     return applicationContext.containsBean(name);  
   }  
    
   /** 
   * 判断以给定名字注册的bean定义是一个singleton还是一个prototype。 
   * 如果与给定名字相应的bean定义没有被找到，将会抛出一个异常（NoSuchBeanDefinitionException）    
   * @param name 
   * @return boolean 
   * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException 
   */  
   public static boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {  
     return applicationContext.isSingleton(name);  
   }  
    
   /** 
   * @param name 
   * @return Class 注册对象的类型 
   * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException 
   */  
   @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public static Class getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {  
     return applicationContext.getType(name);  
   }  
    
   /** 
   * 如果给定的bean名字在bean定义中有别名，则返回这些别名    
   * @param name 
   * @return 
   * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException 
   */  
   public static String[] getAliases(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {  
     return applicationContext.getAliases(name);  
   }  
 }

Answer 3

java.lang.IllegalStateException: BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.getBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:170)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:921)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.close(AbstractApplicationContext.java:841)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.closeWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:579)
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextDestroyed(ContextLoaderListener.java:115)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStop(StandardContext.java:4858)

楼主的项目根本没启动成功吧，应该还有其它的错误信息。仔细看上面的堆栈 listenerStop -> closeWebApplicationContext 这个错误是在停止Tomcat的时候发生的错误。

Answer 4

将datasource.xml中xsi补全了就好了。