使用python的sax方式，如何解析xml下面的多级节点

Question

使用python方式，如何解析xml下面的多级节点。现在有一个xml文件"test"，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE eSearchResult PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD esearch 20060628//EN" "https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/eutils/dtd/20060628/esearch.dtd">

<eSearchResult> 
  <Count>11</Count>
  <RetMax>11</RetMax>
  <RetStart>0</RetStart>
  <QueryKey>1</QueryKey>
  <WebEnv>NCID_1_22456141_130.14.22.215_9001_1482583903_1954957455_0MetA0_S_MegaStore_F_1</WebEnv>  
  <IdList> 
    <Id>25256062</Id>  
    <Id>24081686</Id>  
    <Id>23962761</Id>  
    <Id>23524110</Id>  
    <Id>20092289</Id>  
    <Id>19845767</Id>  
    <Id>17158054</Id>  
    <Id>17077549</Id>  
    <Id>15643558</Id>  
    <Id>9741881</Id>  
    <Id>11038888</Id> 
  </IdList>  
</eSearchResult>

我使用sax方式，实在是不知道怎么修改了。我的sax方式的代码如下

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#由itemList文件得到item的列表

import xml.sax

class MovieHandler( xml.sax.ContentHandler ):
   def __init__(self):
      self.CurrentData = ""
      self.Count = ""
      self.RetMax = ""
      self.RetStart = ""
      self.IdList = {}

   # 元素开始事件处理
   def startElement(self, tag, attributes):
      self.CurrentData = tag
      if tag == "eSearchResult":
         print ("*****eSearchResult*****")
         #title = attributes["title"]
         #print ("Title:"+title)
      elif tag == "IdList":
         print ("*****IdList*****")
         self.IdList = {}

   # 元素结束事件处理
   def endElement(self, tag):
      if self.CurrentData == "Count":
         print ("Count:"+self.Count)
      elif self.CurrentData == "RetMax":
         print ("RetMax:"+self.RetMax)
      elif self.CurrentData == "RetStart":
         print ("RetStart:"+ self.RetStart)
      elif self.CurrentData == "IdList":
         #print ("IdList:"+self.Id)
         print("-----IdList------")
      self.CurrentData = ""

   # 内容事件处理
   def characters(self, content):
      if self.CurrentData == "Count":
         self.Count = content
      elif self.CurrentData == "RetMax":
         self.RetMax = content
      elif self.CurrentData == "RetStart":
         self.RetStart = content
      elif self.CurrentData == "Id":
         #self.IdList.append(content)
         self.IdList={}
  
if ( __name__ == "__main__"):
   
   # 创建一个 XMLReader
   parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
   # turn off namepsaces
   parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 0)

   # 重写 ContextHandler
   Handler = MovieHandler()
   parser.setContentHandler( Handler )
   
   parser.parse("test")

实在没有办法解决了。但是使用elementtree形式，很容易，代码如下

#!/usr/bin/python3
from xml.etree.ElementTree import parse

doc=parse("test");
for item in doc.iterfind('IdList/Id'):
    id=item.text;
    print(id)

希望大虾可以帮忙解决sax方式解析此xml文件

Answer 1

在MovieHandler里加一个tag的栈, 内容是"从顶到现在node的tag", 用startElement和endElement维护这个栈.

然后在characters的里面用那个栈来判断, 比如当栈等于['IdList', 'Id'] 时print