“PKIX 路径构建失败”和“无法找到请求目标的有效证书路径”

Question

我正在尝试使用 twitter4j 库为我的 java 项目获取推文，该项目在幕后使用 java.net.HttpURLConnection （如堆栈跟踪所示）。在我第一次运行时，我收到关于证书 sun.security.validator.ValidatorException 和 sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException 的错误。然后我通过以下方式添加了 twitter 证书：

 C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_45\jre\lib\security>keytool -importcert -trustcacerts -file PathToCert -alias ca_alias -keystore "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_45\jre\lib\security\cacerts"

但没有成功。以下是获取推文的过程：

 public static void main(String[] args) throws TwitterException {
    ConfigurationBuilder cb = new ConfigurationBuilder();
    cb.setDebugEnabled(true)
        .setOAuthConsumerKey("myConsumerKey")
        .setOAuthConsumerSecret("myConsumerSecret")
        .setOAuthAccessToken("myAccessToken")
        .setOAuthAccessTokenSecret("myAccessTokenSecret");

    TwitterFactory tf = new TwitterFactory(cb.build());
    Twitter twitter = tf.getInstance();

    try {
        Query query = new Query("iphone");
        QueryResult result;
        result = twitter.search(query);
        System.out.println("Total amount of tweets: " + result.getTweets().size());
        List<Status> tweets = result.getTweets();

        for (Status tweet : tweets) {
            System.out.println("@" + tweet.getUser().getScreenName() + " : " + tweet.getText());
        }
    } catch (TwitterException te) {
        te.printStackTrace();
        System.out.println("Failed to search tweets: " + te.getMessage());
    }

这是错误：

 sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
Relevant discussions can be found on the Internet at:
    http://www.google.co.jp/search?q=d35baff5 or
    http://www.google.co.jp/search?q=1446302e
TwitterException{exceptionCode=[d35baff5-1446302e 43208640-747fd158 43208640-747fd158 43208640-747fd158], statusCode=-1, message=null, code=-1, retryAfter=-1, rateLimitStatus=null, version=3.0.5}
    at twitter4j.internal.http.HttpClientImpl.request(HttpClientImpl.java:177)
    at twitter4j.internal.http.HttpClientWrapper.request(HttpClientWrapper.java:61)
    at twitter4j.internal.http.HttpClientWrapper.get(HttpClientWrapper.java:81)
    at twitter4j.TwitterImpl.get(TwitterImpl.java:1929)
    at twitter4j.TwitterImpl.search(TwitterImpl.java:306)
    at jku.cc.servlets.TweetsAnalyzer.main(TweetsAnalyzer.java:38)
Caused by: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
    at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.afterConnect(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source)
    at java.net.HttpURLConnection.getResponseCode(Unknown Source)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getResponseCode(Unknown Source)
    at twitter4j.internal.http.HttpResponseImpl.<init>(HttpResponseImpl.java:34)
    at twitter4j.internal.http.HttpClientImpl.request(HttpClientImpl.java:141)
    ... 5 more
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
    at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkTrusted(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(Unknown Source)
    ... 20 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
    at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(Unknown Source)
    ... 26 more
Failed to search tweets: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

原文由 bofanda 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

1. 在浏览器中转到 URL：

• firefox - 单击 HTTPS 证书链（URL 地址旁边的锁定图标）。单击 "more info" > "security" > "show certificate" > "details" > "export.." 。选择名称并选择文件类型 example.cer
• chrome - 单击左侧的站点图标到地址栏中的地址，选择“证书”->“详细信息”->“导出”并以“Der-encoded binary, single certificate”格式保存。

1. 现在您有了带有密钥库的文件，您必须将它添加到您的 JVM。确定 cacerts 文件的位置，例如。 C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre1.6.0_22\lib\security\cacerts.

2. 接下来在命令行中将 example.cer 文件导入 cacerts（可能需要管理员命令提示符）：

keytool -import -alias example -keystore "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jre1.6.0_22\lib\security\cacerts" -file example.cer

您将被要求输入密码，默认为 changeit

重新启动您的 JVM/PC。

来源：http: //magicmonster.com/kb/prg/java/ssl/pkix_path_building_failed.html

原文由 MagGGG 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 2

经过数小时尝试构建证书文件以使我的 Java 6 安装与新的 Twitter 证书一起工作后，我终于偶然发现了一个非常简单的解决方案，隐藏在其中一个留言板的评论中。只需从 Java 7 安装中复制 cacerts 文件并覆盖 Java 6 安装中的文件即可。可能最好先备份 cacerts 文件，但随后您只需将新文件复制进去，然后 BOOM！它只是工作。

请注意，我实际上将一个 Windows cacerts 文件复制到 Linux 安装上并且它工作得很好。

该文件位于 jre/lib/security/cacerts 在旧的和新的 Java jdk 安装中。

希望这可以节省其他人数小时的烦恼。

原文由 Jeremy Goodell 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 3.0 许可协议