在c中读取带空格的字符串

Question

如何读取带有空格的输入行（类型字符串）？我尝试了getline，但它进入了无限循环。以下是我的代码。

 #include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

#define MAX 50 //size of array

//Used G++ 4.6.3 compiler
using namespace std;

int main() {

struct Manager {
string name;
int age;
int working_years;
string phone;
int salary;
}info[MAX];

char inp; //To choose options
int array_pos = 0; //Current position in array of Manager structure
string search_name; //Manager name you want to search

cout << "Press 'i' to insert manager information or 's' to search for manager information by name or 'a' to abort: ";
cin >> inp;

while(inp != 'a') {
int search_num = 0; //array position at which search result is found
int found = 0;
if (inp == 'i' || inp == 's') {
    if (inp == 'i') {
        int k = array_pos;
        cout << "Enter the information of the manager no "<<k+1<<" is : ";

        cout << "Enter the Name : ";
                     //infinte loop occurs
        getline(info[array_pos].name, '\n');
        //cin >> info[array_pos].name;

        cout<<"Enter manager age : ";
        cin >> info[array_pos].age;

        cout << "Enter manage working years : ";
        cin >> info[array_pos].working_years;

        cout << "Enter manager phone no. : ";
        cin >> info[array_pos].phone;

        cout << "Enter manager salary : ";
        cin >> info[array_pos].salary;
        array_pos++;
    }
    if (inp == 's') {
        cout << "Enter the manager name you want to search : ";
        cin >> search_name;
        for(int i = 0; i < array_pos; i++) {
            //using str1.compare(str2) to compare manager name
            if(info[i].name.compare(search_name) == 0) { //manager name found in array of structure
                found = 1;
                search_num = i;
                cout << "Name : " << info[search_num].name << "\n";
                cout << "Age: " << info[search_num].age << "\n";
                cout << "Working Years: " << info[search_num].working_years << "\n";
                cout << "Phone No. : " << info[search_num].phone << "\n";
                cout << "Salary : " << info[search_num].salary << "\n";
            } //end of if loop for comparing string
        } //end of for loop for searching
        if(found == 0)
            cout << "No Manager by this name exist in record" << "\n";

    } //end of if loop

} //end of if loop for  searching or insertion
if(inp == 'a')
    break;

cout << "Press 'i' to insert manager information or 's' to search for manager information by name or 'a' to abort: ";
cin >> inp;
} //end of while loop

return 0;
}

原文由 prattom 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

如何读取带有空格的输入行（类型字符串）？

 std::string line;
if (std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
    ...
}

请注意，除了检查 std:getline 调用的返回值外，还应避免将 >> 运算符与 std::getline 调用混用。一旦你决定逐行读取文件，在使用字符串流对象时只创建一个巨大的循环并进行额外的解析似乎更干净、更合理，例如：

 std::string line;
while (std::getline(std::cin, line)) {
    if (line.empty()) continue;
    std::istringstream is(line);
    if (is >> ...) {
        ...
    }
    ...
}

原文由 LihO 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 2

在不关心 std 命名空间的情况下读取带空格的字符串的最简单方法如下

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    string str;
    getline(cin,str);
    cout<<str;
    return 0;
}

原文由 Atul Rokade 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 3.0 许可协议