cmake 找不到使用 vcpkg 安装的库

Question

我想在 Windows 的 CMake 项目中使用 vcpkg ，因为我需要 boost 和 xerces 都由这个包管理器处理。

我有以下 CMakeLists.txt ：

 cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.12.0)

project (myproj)

set (CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH ${XERCES_ROOT})
set (Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set (Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
unset (Boost_INCLUDE_DIR CACHE)
unset (Boost_LIBRARY_DIRS CACHE)

# set (CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../cmake/modules)
find_package (Boost COMPONENTS filesystem regex REQUIRED)
find_package (XercesC CONFIG REQUIRED)

set (CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
message (STATUS "binary dir is ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}")
include_directories (${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}/)
include_directories (${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/..)
include_directories (${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
include_directories (${XercesC_INCLUDE_DIRS})

set (PROJECT_SRC
  code.cpp
  )

add_library (${PROJECT_NAME} SHARED ${PROJECT_SRC})
add_dependencies (${PROJECT_NAME} UPDATE_RESOURCES)
target_link_libraries (${PROJECT_NAME} ${Boost_LIBRARIES} XercesC::XercesC)

Boost 和 --- 与 vcpkg xerces-c 一起安装。由于我使用的是 Visual Studio Code，因此我正在设置 vcpkg 变量 settings.json ：

   "cmake.configureSettings": {
    "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE" : "some/path/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake",
    "VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET": "x64-windows"
  }

当我运行 che CMake 时，我收到以下错误：

 [cmake] CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:2132 (message):
[cmake]   Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
[cmake]
[cmake]   Unable to find the Boost header files.  Please set BOOST_ROOT to the root
[cmake]   directory containing Boost or BOOST_INCLUDEDIR to the directory containing
[cmake]   Boost's headers.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake]   D:/projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:233 (_find_package)
[cmake]   src/myroject/CMakeLists.txt:24 (find_package)
[cmake]
[cmake]
[cmake] CMake Error at D:/Projects/vcpkg/installed/x64-windows/share/xercesc/vcpkg-cmake-wrapper.cmake:1 (_find_package):
[cmake]   Could not find a package configuration file provided by "XercesC" with any
[cmake]   of the following names:
[cmake]
[cmake]     XercesCConfig.cmake
[cmake]     xercesc-config.cmake
[cmake]
[cmake]   Add the installation prefix of "XercesC" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
[cmake]   "XercesC_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files.  If
[cmake]   "XercesC" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
[cmake]   been installed.
[cmake] Call Stack (most recent call first):
[cmake]   D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake:189 (include)
[cmake]   src/ZLA/CMakeLists.txt:25 (find_package)
[cmake]
[cmake]
[cmake] Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
[cmake] See also "D:/Projects/zla/build/vscode/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
[cms-driver] Error during CMake configure: [cmake-server] Configuration failed.

目前我已经用vcpkg命令安装了 xerces ，虽然目前没有安装boost，但我期待在cmake命令的执行过程中， vcpkg 将下载并构建需要构建软件包。

我也试过命令行：

  cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Projects/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows ../

但结果是一样的。

我做错了什么？如何成功使用 vcpkg？

原文由 Jepessen 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

boost 当前未安装，但我期待在执行 cmake 命令期间，vcpkg 将下载并构建所需的构建包。

据我所知，情况并非如此。您需要使用 vcpkg 预先为您计划使用的三元组安装所需的软件包（即 x64-windows ）。然后，您需要确保在运行 CMake 时使用了正确的三元组（检查 — 中的 CMakeCache.txt VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET 变量）。如果不正确，您可以更改它并使用 CMake 重新配置。

此外，根据您得到的错误输出，似乎没有使用 --- xerces --- 正确安装 vcpkg 。您可以通过运行以下命令检查 vcpkg 安装的内容：

vcpkg list --triplet x64-windows

原文由 Developer Paul 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 2

理论上它很简单（假设 vcpkg 安装在 C:/vcpkg 中，就像 github 操作一样）；

1. 用 vcpkg install foo 安装你的“foo”包
2. 确保您的 CMakeLists.txt 找到并使用该包；

 find_package(FOO)
# Use these instead of the package doesn't have proper cmake package support.
# find_path(FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS foo.h)
# find_library(FOO_LIBRARYS foo)
include_directories(${FOO_INCLUDE_DIRS})
target_link_libraries(myprogram ${FOO_LIBRARIES})

1. 使用 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake

但是……这对我不起作用，直到我将 --triplet x64-windows 添加到 vcpkg install 命令。

DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE 设置各种 CMAKE_(SYSTEM_)?(PREFIX|LIBRARY|INCLUDE|FRAMEWORK)_PATH 变量以启用 find_*() cmake 函数，但请注意这些路径包括 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET。 In my case the package install with vcpkg install <foo> to x86-windows but then invoking cmake with -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:/.... to x64-windows so it couldn’t find包。

目前 vcpkg 默认为较旧的 x86 目标，但现代 Visual Studio（由 githup 操作使用）默认为 x64。解决方法是使用 vcpkg -triplet x64-windows install <foo> 安装软件包。我花了很长时间才发现这一点。

原文由 Donovan Baarda 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议