django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady：应用程序尚未加载。 (django 2.0.1)(蟒蛇 3.6)

Question

这是我第一次尝试将 Django 应用程序（django 2.0.1）（Python 3.6）部署到 pythonanywhere，它是一个简单的组合应用程序，没有模型，没有引导程序。只有 Django、HTML、CSS 和 Javascript。

在使用他们的 bash 控制台将它从 Github 存储库拉到 pythnanywhere 之后，我运行：

 python manage.py migrate

& 遇到了这个错误：

 Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in
execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 216, in fetch_command
klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 36, in load_command_class
module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 12, in <module>
from django.db.migrations.autodetector import MigrationAutodetector
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/db/migrations/autodetector.py", line 11, in <module>
from django.db.migrations.questioner import MigrationQuestioner
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-
packages/django/db/migrations/questioner.py", line 9, in <module>
from .loader import MigrationLoader
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 8, in <module>
from django.db.migrations.recorder import MigrationRecorder
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 9, in <module>
class MigrationRecorder:
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 22, in MigrationRecorder
class Migration(models.Model):
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 100, in __new__
app_config = apps.get_containing_app_config(module)
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 244, in get_containing_app_config
self.check_apps_ready()
File "/home/Limerin555/.virtualenvs/projectenv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 127, in check_apps_ready
raise AppRegistryNotReady("Apps aren't loaded yet.")
django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady: Apps aren't loaded yet.

我厌倦了到处寻找解决方案，但没有任何帮助，我什至尝试将这一行添加到我的 settings.py 中：

 import django
django.setup()

在此行下方：

 SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY")

正如 这篇文章 所建议的，但无济于事。

这是我的 settings.py ：

 import os

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
TEMPLATE_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "templates")
STATIC_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")

SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY')

import django
django.setup()

DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["limerin555.pythonanywhere.com"]

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'portfolio_showcase',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'limerin.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [TEMPLATE_DIR,],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'limerin.wsgi.application'

DATABASE_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3')

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': DATABASE_PATH,
    }
}

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
    'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Singapore'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    STATIC_DIR,
]

我真的很迷茫，希望有人能帮助阐明这里的真正问题是什么。

原文由 lime_ajinomoto 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

刚刚克服了类似的情况。

你真正需要的是：

 import os
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "your_project.settings")

然后是这些行：

 from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

之后，您可以轻松导入模型而无需 AppRegistryNotReady: Apps aren't loaded yet.

更新：这实际上正是项目文件夹中 wsgi.py 文件中的 4 行代码。

对于 DJANGO 3.0 在 Django 3+ 中，需要一个额外的变量来解决同步/异步混淆问题：

 os.environ["DJANGO_ALLOW_ASYNC_UNSAFE"] = "true"

原文由 Alexey Trofimov 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议