极客观点
项目管理
HarmonyOS
如何通过程序找出 python 3 中所有可用导入的列表？一开始我试过这个，但不明白它返回了什么
import sys
sys.modules
我认为这不是方法，尽管我首先想到了这一点。我在网上搜索并找到了这个 http://effbot.org/librarybook/core-modules-index.htm
有人可以告诉我这是否正确吗？
原文由 harihb 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议
python与 Python 2 和 Python 3 一起工作（使用 2.7、3.4、3.5 的下一版本进行测试）
import shutil
import pkgutil
def show_acceptable_modules():
line = '-' * 100
print('{}\n{:^30}|{:^20}\n{}'.format(line, 'Module', 'Location', line))
for entry in pkgutil.iter_modules():
print('{:30}| {}'.format(entry[1], entry[0].path))
Python 2.7 的示例输出
>>> show_acceptable_modules()
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Module | Location
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSI | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
BaseHTTPServer | /usr/lib/python2.7
Bastion | /usr/lib/python2.7
CDROM | /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
CGIHTTPServer | /usr/lib/python2.7
Canvas | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
ConfigParser | /usr/lib/python2.7
Cookie | /usr/lib/python2.7
DLFCN | /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
Dialog | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
DocXMLRPCServer | /usr/lib/python2.7
FSM | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
FileDialog | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
FixTk | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
HTMLParser | /usr/lib/python2.7
IN | /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
Image | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageChops | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageColor | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageCrackCode | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageDraw | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageEnhance | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageFile | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageFileIO | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageFilter | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageFont | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageGL | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageGrab | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageMath | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageOps | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImagePalette | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImagePath | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageQt | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageSequence | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageStat | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageTk | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
ImageWin | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
MimeWriter | /usr/lib/python2.7
ORBit | /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7
PIL | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
PSDraw | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
PngImagePlugin | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat
Queue | /usr/lib/python2.7
SOAPpy | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
ScrolledText | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
SimpleDialog | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
SimpleHTTPServer | /usr/lib/python2.7
SimpleXMLRPCServer | /usr/lib/python2.7
SocketServer | /usr/lib/python2.7
StringIO | /usr/lib/python2.7
TYPES | /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
Tix | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
Tkconstants | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
Tkdnd | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
Tkinter | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
UserDict | /usr/lib/python2.7
UserList | /usr/lib/python2.7
UserString | /usr/lib/python2.7
_LWPCookieJar | /usr/lib/python2.7
_MozillaCookieJar | /usr/lib/python2.7
__future__ | /usr/lib/python2.7
_abcoll | /usr/lib/python2.7
_bsddb | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_codecs_cn | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_codecs_hk | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_codecs_iso2022 | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_codecs_jp | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_codecs_kr | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_codecs_tw | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_csv | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_ctypes | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_ctypes_test | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_curses | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_curses_panel | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_dbus_bindings | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
_dbus_glib_bindings | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
_elementtree | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_hashlib | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_hotshot | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_json | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_lsprof | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_multibytecodec | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_multiprocessing | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_osx_support | /usr/lib/python2.7
_pyio | /usr/lib/python2.7
_smbc | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
_sqlite3 | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_ssl | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_strptime | /usr/lib/python2.7
_sysconfigdata | /usr/lib/python2.7
_sysconfigdata_nd | /usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu
_testcapi | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
_threading_local | /usr/lib/python2.7
_weakrefset | /usr/lib/python2.7
abc | /usr/lib/python2.7
aifc | /usr/lib/python2.7
antigravity | /usr/lib/python2.7
anydbm | /usr/lib/python2.7
apt | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
apt_inst | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
apt_pkg | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
aptsources | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
argparse | /usr/lib/python2.7
ast | /usr/lib/python2.7
asynchat | /usr/lib/python2.7
asyncore | /usr/lib/python2.7
atexit | /usr/lib/python2.7
atk | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
audiodev | /usr/lib/python2.7
audioop | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
base64 | /usr/lib/python2.7
bdb | /usr/lib/python2.7
binhex | /usr/lib/python2.7
bisect | /usr/lib/python2.7
bonobo | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
bsddb | /usr/lib/python2.7
bz2 | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
cProfile | /usr/lib/python2.7
cairo | /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7
calendar | /usr/lib/python2.7
caribou | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
cgi | /usr/lib/python2.7
cgitb | /usr/lib/python2.7
chardet | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
chunk | /usr/lib/python2.7
cmd | /usr/lib/python2.7
code | /usr/lib/python2.7
codecs | /usr/lib/python2.7
codeop | /usr/lib/python2.7
collections | /usr/lib/python2.7
colorlog | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
colorsys | /usr/lib/python2.7
commands | /usr/lib/python2.7
compileall | /usr/lib/python2.7
compiler | /usr/lib/python2.7
contextlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
cookielib | /usr/lib/python2.7
copy | /usr/lib/python2.7
copy_reg | /usr/lib/python2.7
crypt | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
csv | /usr/lib/python2.7
ctypes | /usr/lib/python2.7
cups | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
cupsext | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
cupshelpers | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
curl | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
curses | /usr/lib/python2.7
dbhash | /usr/lib/python2.7
dbm | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
dbus | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
deb822 | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
debconf | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
debian | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
debian_bundle | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
debianbts | /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7
decimal | /usr/lib/python2.7
defusedxml | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
difflib | /usr/lib/python2.7
dircache | /usr/lib/python2.7
dis | /usr/lib/python2.7
distutils | /usr/lib/python2.7
doctest | /usr/lib/python2.7
docutils | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
drv_libxml2 | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
dsextras | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
dumbdbm | /usr/lib/python2.7
dummy_thread | /usr/lib/python2.7
dummy_threading | /usr/lib/python2.7
email | /usr/lib/python2.7
encodings | /usr/lib/python2.7
ensurepip | /usr/lib/python2.7
fdpexpect | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
filecmp | /usr/lib/python2.7
fileinput | /usr/lib/python2.7
fnmatch | /usr/lib/python2.7
formatter | /usr/lib/python2.7
fpectl | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
fpformat | /usr/lib/python2.7
fractions | /usr/lib/python2.7
ftplib | /usr/lib/python2.7
functools | /usr/lib/python2.7
future_builtins | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
gconf | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
genericpath | /usr/lib/python2.7
getopt | /usr/lib/python2.7
getpass | /usr/lib/python2.7
gettext | /usr/lib/python2.7
gi | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
gio | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
glib | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
glob | /usr/lib/python2.7
gnome | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
gnomecanvas | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
gnomevfs | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
gobject | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
gtk | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
gtkunixprint | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
gtweak | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
guake | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
gzip | /usr/lib/python2.7
hamster | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
hashlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
heapq | /usr/lib/python2.7
hgext | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
hmac | /usr/lib/python2.7
hotshot | /usr/lib/python2.7
hpmudext | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
htmlentitydefs | /usr/lib/python2.7
htmllib | /usr/lib/python2.7
httplib | /usr/lib/python2.7
ihooks | /usr/lib/python2.7
imaplib | /usr/lib/python2.7
imghdr | /usr/lib/python2.7
importlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
imputil | /usr/lib/python2.7
inspect | /usr/lib/python2.7
io | /usr/lib/python2.7
json | /usr/lib/python2.7
keyword | /usr/lib/python2.7
lib2to3 | /usr/lib/python2.7
libxml2 | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
libxml2mod | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
linecache | /usr/lib/python2.7
linuxaudiodev | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
locale | /usr/lib/python2.7
logging | /usr/lib/python2.7
lsb_release | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
lxml | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
macpath | /usr/lib/python2.7
macurl2path | /usr/lib/python2.7
mailbox | /usr/lib/python2.7
mailcap | /usr/lib/python2.7
markupbase | /usr/lib/python2.7
md5 | /usr/lib/python2.7
mercurial | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
mhlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
mimetools | /usr/lib/python2.7
mimetypes | /usr/lib/python2.7
mimify | /usr/lib/python2.7
mmap | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
modulefinder | /usr/lib/python2.7
multifile | /usr/lib/python2.7
multiprocessing | /usr/lib/python2.7
mutex | /usr/lib/python2.7
ndiff | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
netrc | /usr/lib/python2.7
new | /usr/lib/python2.7
nis | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
nntplib | /usr/lib/python2.7
ntpath | /usr/lib/python2.7
nturl2path | /usr/lib/python2.7
numbers | /usr/lib/python2.7
numpy | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
opcode | /usr/lib/python2.7
optparse | /usr/lib/python2.7
os | /usr/lib/python2.7
os2emxpath | /usr/lib/python2.7
ossaudiodev | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
pango | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
pangocairo | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
parser | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
pcardext | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pdb | /usr/lib/python2.7
pexpect | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pickle | /usr/lib/python2.7
pickletools | /usr/lib/python2.7
pipes | /usr/lib/python2.7
pkg_resources | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pkgutil | /usr/lib/python2.7
platform | /usr/lib/python2.7
plistlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
popen2 | /usr/lib/python2.7
poplib | /usr/lib/python2.7
posixfile | /usr/lib/python2.7
posixpath | /usr/lib/python2.7
pprint | /usr/lib/python2.7
profile | /usr/lib/python2.7
pstats | /usr/lib/python2.7
pty | /usr/lib/python2.7
pxssh | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
py_compile | /usr/lib/python2.7
pyatspi | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pyclbr | /usr/lib/python2.7
pycurl | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pydoc | /usr/lib/python2.7
pydoc_data | /usr/lib/python2.7
pyexpat | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
pygments | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pygtk | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pygtkcompat | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
pynotify | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
quopri | /usr/lib/python2.7
random | /usr/lib/python2.7
re | /usr/lib/python2.7
readline | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
reportbug | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
reportlab | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
repr | /usr/lib/python2.7
resource | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
rexec | /usr/lib/python2.7
rfc822 | /usr/lib/python2.7
rlcompleter | /usr/lib/python2.7
robotparser | /usr/lib/python2.7
roman | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
runpy | /usr/lib/python2.7
scanext | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
sched | /usr/lib/python2.7
screen | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
sets | /usr/lib/python2.7
sgmllib | /usr/lib/python2.7
sha | /usr/lib/python2.7
shelve | /usr/lib/python2.7
shlex | /usr/lib/python2.7
shutil | /usr/lib/python2.7
site | /usr/lib/python2.7
sitecustomize | /usr/lib/python2.7
six | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
smbc | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
smtpd | /usr/lib/python2.7
smtplib | /usr/lib/python2.7
sndhdr | /usr/lib/python2.7
socket | /usr/lib/python2.7
sqlite3 | /usr/lib/python2.7
sre | /usr/lib/python2.7
sre_compile | /usr/lib/python2.7
sre_constants | /usr/lib/python2.7
sre_parse | /usr/lib/python2.7
ssl | /usr/lib/python2.7
stat | /usr/lib/python2.7
statvfs | /usr/lib/python2.7
string | /usr/lib/python2.7
stringold | /usr/lib/python2.7
stringprep | /usr/lib/python2.7
struct | /usr/lib/python2.7
subprocess | /usr/lib/python2.7
sunau | /usr/lib/python2.7
sunaudio | /usr/lib/python2.7
symbol | /usr/lib/python2.7
symtable | /usr/lib/python2.7
sysconfig | /usr/lib/python2.7
tabnanny | /usr/lib/python2.7
talloc | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
tarfile | /usr/lib/python2.7
telnetlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
tempfile | /usr/lib/python2.7
termios | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
test | /usr/lib/python2.7
textwrap | /usr/lib/python2.7
this | /usr/lib/python2.7
threading | /usr/lib/python2.7
timeit | /usr/lib/python2.7
tkColorChooser | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
tkCommonDialog | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
tkFileDialog | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
tkFont | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
tkMessageBox | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
tkSimpleDialog | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
toaiff | /usr/lib/python2.7
token | /usr/lib/python2.7
tokenize | /usr/lib/python2.7
trace | /usr/lib/python2.7
traceback | /usr/lib/python2.7
ttk | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
tty | /usr/lib/python2.7
turtle | /usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
types | /usr/lib/python2.7
unittest | /usr/lib/python2.7
urllib | /usr/lib/python2.7
urllib2 | /usr/lib/python2.7
urlparse | /usr/lib/python2.7
user | /usr/lib/python2.7
uu | /usr/lib/python2.7
uuid | /usr/lib/python2.7
vboxapi | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
vte | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
warnings | /usr/lib/python2.7
wave | /usr/lib/python2.7
weakref | /usr/lib/python2.7
webbrowser | /usr/lib/python2.7
whichdb | /usr/lib/python2.7
wnck | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0
wsgiref | /usr/lib/python2.7
wstools | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
xdg | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
xdrlib | /usr/lib/python2.7
xml | /usr/lib/python2.7
xmllib | /usr/lib/python2.7
xmlrpclib | /usr/lib/python2.7
zeitgeist | /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
zipfile | /usr/lib/python2.7
测试环境
$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 8.6 (jessie)
Release: 8.6
Codename: jessie
$ uname -a
Linux localhost 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.36-1+deb8u2 (2016-10-19) x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ python2 --version
Python 2.7.9
$ python3.4 --version
Python 3.4.2
$ python3.5 --version
Python 3.5.2
原文由 PADYMKO 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 3.0 许可协议
撰写回答
你尚未登录，登录后可以
- 和开发者交流问题的细节
- 关注并接收问题和回答的更新提醒
- 参与内容的编辑和改进，让解决方法与时俱进
推荐问题
Qt中布局是否只有5种呢？
我们经常看到的Qt的布局有：5种（都是继承自QLayout） {代码...} 但是我在官方文档有看到其他的Layout相关命名，例如：QPageLayoutQTextLayout等等请问这些是用于布局的吗？还是说Qt中布局就只有5种呢？4 回答4.4k 阅读✓ 已解决
这段代码为什么不能获取到数据？
{代码...}4 回答3.8k 阅读✓ 已解决
字节的 trae AI IDE 不支持类似 vscode 的 ssh remote 远程开发怎么办？
尝试一下字节的 trae AI IDE ([链接])安装后导入 vscode 的配置，好像一起把 vscode 的插件也导入了也能看到 vscode 之前配置的 ssh remote 但是连不上看到「输出」如下⬇️ {代码...}1 回答3k 阅读✓ 已解决
请问一下，如何理解reduce函数呢？
但是reduce是减少的意思，请问如何形象化地理解reduce呢？ 我们可不可以理解：把参数2一个一个地带入到参数1（函数）中执行，这样也就慢慢减少呢？3 回答2.1k 阅读✓ 已解决
如何使用Python+Selenium爬取Goodreads上万条书评而不崩溃？
通过python+selenium去爬取goodreads上一本书的评论，由于goodreads的评论是一页加载所有内容，不断点load more，就不断在该页面增加内容，在加载到3000-5000条评论时，页面就会崩溃，用的edge，内存设置的无限制。这种情况应该怎么做才行。1 回答4.5k 阅读✓ 已解决
如何使用 python 代码实现迅雷磁力链接资源的下载？
很多磁力链接，只有使用迅雷客户端才能下载有速度但是迅雷客户端没有可操作的 sdk如果我有很多的磁力链接，需要下载，且需要指定每个磁力的下载位置等等操作，怎么实现自动化和批量化？1 回答3.8k 阅读✓ 已解决
在PyCharm开发不同python项目，如果每个项目使用自己的venv环境，是不是每次切换项目都需要修改python interpreter？
在PyCharm开发不同python项目，如果每个项目使用自己的venv环境，是不是每次切换项目都需要修改python interpreter？1 回答2.8k 阅读✓ 已解决
本篇内容翻译自 Stack Overflow，如果你觉得翻译结果值得改进，欢迎直接编辑修改，感谢你为社区贡献。
宣传栏
来自 http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html （查找 python stdlib 文档的好地方）
所以模块是一个字典（模块名称到实际模块对象的映射）。要仅获取名称类型
sys.modules.keys()尽管它可能不是那么有用。