带有 joblib 库的 spacy 生成 _pickle.PicklingError: Could not pickle the task to send it to workers

我有一大堆句子（约 7 百万），我想从中提取名词。

我使用 joblib 库来并行化提取过程，如下所示：

 import spacy
from tqdm import tqdm
from joblib import Parallel, delayed
nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm')

class nouns:

    def get_nouns(self, text):
        doc = nlp(u"{}".format(text))
        return [token.text for token in doc if token.tag_ in ['NN', 'NNP', 'NNS', 'NNPS']]

    def parallelize(self, sentences):
        results = Parallel(n_jobs=1)(delayed(self.get_nouns)(sent) for sent in tqdm(sentences))
        return results

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sentences = ['we went to the school yesterday',
                 'The weather is really cold',
                 'Can we catch the dog?',
                 'How old are you John?',
                 'I like diving and swimming',
                 'Can the world become united?']
    obj = nouns()
    print(obj.parallelize(sentences))

当 parallelize 函数中的 n_jobs 大于 1 时，我得到这个长错误：

 100%|██████████| 6/6 [00:00<00:00, 200.00it/s]
joblib.externals.loky.process_executor._RemoteTraceback:
"""
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\queues.py", line 150, in _feed
    obj_ = dumps(obj, reducers=reducers)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\reduction.py", line 243, in dumps
    dump(obj, buf, reducers=reducers, protocol=protocol)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\reduction.py", line 236, in dump
    _LokyPickler(file, reducers=reducers, protocol=protocol).dump(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 267, in dump
    return Pickler.dump(self, obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 408, in dump
    self.save(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 841, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 770, in save_list
    self._batch_appends(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 797, in _batch_appends
    save(tmp[0])
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 725, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 718, in save_instancemethod
    self.save_reduce(types.MethodType, (obj.__func__, obj.__self__), obj=obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 599, in save_reduce
    save(args)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 725, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 395, in save_function
    self.save_function_tuple(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 594, in save_function_tuple
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 841, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 599, in save_reduce
    save(args)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 740, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 740, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 495, in save
    rv = reduce(self.proto)
  File "stringsource", line 2, in preshed.maps.PreshMap.__reduce_cython__
TypeError: self.c_map cannot be converted to a Python object for pickling
"""Exception in thread QueueFeederThread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\queues.py", line 150, in _feed
    obj_ = dumps(obj, reducers=reducers)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\reduction.py", line 243, in dumps
    dump(obj, buf, reducers=reducers, protocol=protocol)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\reduction.py", line 236, in dump
    _LokyPickler(file, reducers=reducers, protocol=protocol).dump(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 267, in dump
    return Pickler.dump(self, obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 408, in dump
    self.save(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 841, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 770, in save_list
    self._batch_appends(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 797, in _batch_appends
    save(tmp[0])
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 725, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 718, in save_instancemethod
    self.save_reduce(types.MethodType, (obj.__func__, obj.__self__), obj=obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 599, in save_reduce
    save(args)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 725, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 395, in save_function
    self.save_function_tuple(obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\cloudpickle\cloudpickle.py", line 594, in save_function_tuple
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 841, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 810, in save_dict
    self._batch_setitems(obj.items())
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 836, in _batch_setitems
    save(v)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 599, in save_reduce
    save(args)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 740, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 520, in save
    self.save_reduce(obj=obj, *rv)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 623, in save_reduce
    save(state)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 475, in save
    f(self, obj) # Call unbound method with explicit self
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 740, in save_tuple
    save(element)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\pickle.py", line 495, in save
    rv = reduce(self.proto)
  File "stringsource", line 2, in preshed.maps.PreshMap.__reduce_cython__
TypeError: self.c_map cannot be converted to a Python object for pickling

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python35\lib\threading.py", line 914, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\Python35\lib\threading.py", line 862, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\backend\queues.py", line 175, in _feed
    onerror(e, obj)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 310, in _on_queue_feeder_error
    self.thread_wakeup.wakeup()
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 155, in wakeup
    self._writer.send_bytes(b"")
  File "C:\Python35\lib\multiprocessing\connection.py", line 183, in send_bytes
    self._check_closed()
  File "C:\Python35\lib\multiprocessing\connection.py", line 136, in _check_closed
    raise OSError("handle is closed")
OSError: handle is closed

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ".../playground.py", line 43, in <module>
    print(obj.Paralize(sentences))
  File ".../playground.py", line 32, in Paralize
    results = Parallel(n_jobs=2)(delayed(self.get_nouns)(sent) for sent in tqdm(sentences))
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 934, in __call__
    self.retrieve()
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 833, in retrieve
    self._output.extend(job.get(timeout=self.timeout))
  File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\joblib_parallel_backends.py", line 521, in wrap_future_result
    return future.result(timeout=timeout)
  File "C:\Python35\lib\concurrent\futures_base.py", line 405, in result
    return self.__get_result()
  File "C:\Python35\lib\concurrent\futures_base.py", line 357, in __get_result
    raise self._exception
_pickle.PicklingError: Could not pickle the task to send it to the workers.

我的代码有什么问题？

原文由 Minions 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

问：我的代码有什么问题？

好吧，问题很可能不是来自代码，而是来自“隐藏”处理，一旦 n_jobs 指示（和 joblib 内部编排）准备那么多精确副本主进程，以便让它们彼此独立工作（从而有效地摆脱 GIL 锁定并将多个进程流映射到物理硬件资源）

此步骤负责制作所有 pythonic 对象的副本，并且已知使用 Pickle 来执行此操作。 Pickle 模块以其对可以 pickle 和不能 pickle 的历史主要限制而闻名。

错误消息证实了这一点：

TypeError: self.c_map cannot be converted to a Python object for pickling

人们可能会尝试一种技巧来提供 Mike McKearns dill 模块而不是 Pickle 并测试你的“有问题的”python 对象是否会被这个模块腌制而不抛出这个错误。

dill 具有相同的 API 签名，因此纯 import dill as pickle 可能有助于将所有其他代码保持不变。

我遇到了同样的问题，大型模型要分布到多个进程中并从多个进程返回，而 dill 是一种可行的方法。性能也有所提高。

奖励： dill 允许保存/恢复完整的 python 解释器状态！

这是发现 dill 的一个很酷的副作用，一旦 import dill as pickle 完成， pickle.dump_session( <aFile> ) 将保存完整的 python 状态解释器会话副本。如果需要，这可以恢复（崩溃后恢复、训练有素和优化的 ML 模型状态完全保存/恢复、增量学习 ML 模型状态完全保存和重新分发以用于已部署用户群的远程恢复， ETC。）

原文由 user3666197 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

带有 joblib 库的 spacy 生成 _pickle.PicklingError: Could not pickle the task to send it to workers

问：我的代码有什么问题？

奖励： `dill` 允许保存/恢复完整的 python 解释器状态！

你尚未登录，登录后可以

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Stack Overflow 翻译

带有 joblib 库的 spacy 生成 _pickle.PicklingError: Could not pickle the task to send it to workers

问：我的代码有什么问题？

奖励： dill 允许保存/恢复完整的 python 解释器状态！

你尚未登录，登录后可以

字节的 trae AI IDE 不支持类似 vscode 的 ssh remote 远程开发怎么办？

DataCap 中验证码无法显示，后台出现 NullPointerException 错误?

如何使用 python 代码实现迅雷磁力链接资源的下载？

如何实现一个深拷贝函数？

请问，FastAPI如何获取到前端上传的二进制文件并且返回？

浏览器能请求到数据怎么换了api工具或是爬虫都没数据了呢？

Python 成员变量在多个子类实例间共享，如何避免？

Stack Overflow 翻译

奖励： `dill` 允许保存/恢复完整的 python 解释器状态！