使用conda“update”命令后如何修复依赖不一致的环境？

Question

新手上路，请多包涵

我正在尝试更新我的 Spyder 以修复我的 Spyder 3.2.3 中的一些错误。

但是当我调用（ https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder/issues/9019#event-2225858161 ）中提到的 conda update spyder 时，Anaconda提示如下：

在此处输入图像描述

Spyder 没有更新到最新版本 (3.3.3)。我猜我无法更新 Spyder 的原因是因为我的 Conda 不是最新版本，所以我跑了

conda update -n base -c defaults conda

但是在那之后（将 conda 更新到最新版本 4.6.11）我发现我所有的 Spyder 和 Anaconda Navigator 都无法打开。似乎这些命令不仅更新了 Conda，还更新了一些其他包到 py3.7。

再次调用 conda update spyder 时，提示如下：

 WARNING: The conda.compat module is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: |
The environment is inconsistent, please check the package plan carefully
The following packages are causing the inconsistency:

  - defaults/win-64::anaconda==5.3.1=py37_0
  - https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-64::anaconda-navigator==1.6.4=py36_0
  - defaults/win-64::astropy==3.0.4=py37hfa6e2cd_0
  - defaults/win-64::blaze==0.11.3=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::bottleneck==1.2.1=py37h452e1ab_1
  - defaults/win-64::dask==0.19.1=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::datashape==0.5.4=py37_1
  - defaults/win-64::h5py==2.8.0=py37h3bdd7fb_2
  - defaults/win-64::imageio==2.4.1=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::matplotlib==2.2.3=py37hd159220_0
  - defaults/win-64::mkl-service==1.1.2=py37hb217b18_5
  - defaults/win-64::mkl_fft==1.0.4=py37h1e22a9b_1
  - defaults/win-64::mkl_random==1.0.1=py37h77b88f5_1
  - defaults/win-64::numba==0.39.0=py37h830ac7b_0
  - defaults/win-64::numexpr==2.6.8=py37h9ef55f4_0
  - defaults/win-64::numpy-base==1.15.1=py37h8128ebf_0
  - defaults/win-64::odo==0.5.1=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::pandas==0.23.4=py37h830ac7b_0
  - defaults/win-64::patsy==0.5.0=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::pytables==3.4.4=py37he6f6034_0
  - defaults/win-64::pytest-arraydiff==0.2=py37h39e3cac_0
  - defaults/win-64::pytest-astropy==0.4.0=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::pytest-doctestplus==0.1.3=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::pywavelets==1.0.0=py37h452e1ab_0
  - defaults/win-64::scikit-image==0.14.0=py37h6538335_1
  - defaults/win-64::scikit-learn==0.19.2=py37heebcf9a_0
  - defaults/win-64::scipy==1.1.0=py37h4f6bf74_1
  - defaults/win-64::seaborn==0.9.0=py37_0
  - defaults/win-64::statsmodels==0.9.0=py37h452e1ab_0
done
# All requested packages already installed.

我猜可能是python版本冲突（我的python版本是3.6.2）导致Spyder和Navigator异常。所以我尝试通过调用 conda install python = 3.6 将这些包恢复到 py3.6 版本，但它不起作用。

这是 conda list -version （最后 2 次修订）的结果

2019-04-09 22:59:08  (rev 3)
      certifi  {2016.2.28 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 2019.3.9}
      conda  {4.5.13 -> 4.6.11}
      cryptography  {1.8.1 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 2.6.1}
      curl  {7.52.1 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 7.64.0}
      libcurl  {7.61.0 -> 7.64.0}
      libpng  {1.6.34 -> 1.6.36}
      libprotobuf  {3.2.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 3.6.1}
      libssh2  {1.8.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 1.8.0}
      menuinst  {1.4.7 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 1.4.16}
      openssl  {1.0.2l (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 1.1.1b}
      protobuf  {3.2.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 3.6.1}
      pycurl  {7.43.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 7.43.0.2}
      pyqt  {5.6.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 5.9.2}
      python  {3.6.2 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 3.6.8}
      qt  {5.6.2 -> 5.9.7}
      requests  {2.14.2 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 2.21.0}
      sip  {4.18 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 4.19.8}
      sqlite  {3.24.0 -> 3.27.2}
      vc  {14 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free) -> 14.1}
     +krb5-1.16.1

 2019-04-09 23:02:48  (rev 4)
      cryptography  {2.6.1 -> 1.8.1 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      curl  {7.64.0 -> 7.52.1 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      krb5  {1.16.1 -> 1.13.2 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      libcurl  {7.64.0 -> 7.61.1}
      libpng  {1.6.36 -> 1.6.34}
      libprotobuf  {3.6.1 -> 3.2.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      libssh2  {1.8.0 -> 1.8.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      menuinst  {1.4.16 -> 1.4.14}
      openssl  {1.1.1b -> 1.0.2l (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      protobuf  {3.6.1 -> 3.2.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      pycurl  {7.43.0.2 -> 7.43.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      pyqt  {5.9.2 -> 5.6.0 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      python  {3.6.8 -> 3.6.2 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}
      qt  {5.9.7 -> 5.6.2}
      sqlite  {3.27.2 -> 3.25.2}
      vc  {14.1 -> 14 (https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free)}

这是 conda info 的结果

     active environment : base
    active env location : C:\Users\lenovo\Anaconda3
            shell level : 1
       user config file : C:\Users\lenovo\.condarc
 populated config files : C:\Users\lenovo\.condarc
          conda version : 4.6.11
    conda-build version : 3.0.19
         python version : 3.6.2.final.0
       base environment : C:\Users\lenovo\Anaconda3  (writable)
           channel URLs : https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-64
                          https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/free/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
                          https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
          package cache : C:\Users\lenovo\Anaconda3\pkgs
                          C:\Users\lenovo\.conda\pkgs
                          C:\Users\lenovo\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
       envs directories : C:\Users\lenovo\Anaconda3\envs
                          C:\Users\lenovo\.conda\envs
                          C:\Users\lenovo\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
               platform : win-64
             user-agent : conda/4.6.11 requests/2.21.0 CPython/3.6.2 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.17134
          administrator : False
             netrc file : None
           offline mode : False

解决问题的最佳方法是什么？

我怎样才能让我的 Spyder 重新工作？