需要 Python 3.9 Microsoft Visual C 14.0 或更高版本

Question

所以我最近升级到 Python 3.9 并且在尝试安装一些库时 - 特别是 pip install discord - 我遇到了以下错误：

   ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' 'c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\pep517_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\tmprrfx0262'
       cwd: C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-qj3xz8wb\multidict
  Complete output (40 lines):
  **********************
  * Accellerated build *
  **********************
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict_abc.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict_compat.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict_multidict_base.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict_multidict_py.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  running egg_info
  writing multidict.egg-info\PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to multidict.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
  writing top-level names to multidict.egg-info\top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'multidict.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'multidict_multidict.html'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'multidict\*.so'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'multidict\*.pyd'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'multidict\*.pyd'
  no previously-included directories found matching 'docs_build'
  writing manifest file 'multidict.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  copying multidict__init__.pyi -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict_multidict.c -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  copying multidict\py.typed -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  copying multidict_multilib\defs.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  copying multidict_multilib\dict.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  copying multidict_multilib\istr.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  copying multidict_multilib\iter.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  copying multidict_multilib\pair_list.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  copying multidict_multilib\views.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\multidict_multilib
  running build_ext
  building 'multidict._multidict' extension
  error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for multidict
  Building wheel for yarl (PEP 517) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' 'c:\users\user\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\pep517_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp_na_hzow'
       cwd: C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-qj3xz8wb\yarl
  Complete output (35 lines):
  **********************
  * Accellerated build *
  **********************
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9
  creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl_quoting.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl_quoting_py.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl_url.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  running egg_info
  writing yarl.egg-info\PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to yarl.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
  writing requirements to yarl.egg-info\requires.txt
  writing top-level names to yarl.egg-info\top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'yarl.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.cache' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'yarl\*.html'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'yarl\*.so'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'yarl\*.pyd'
  no previously-included directories found matching 'docs_build'
  writing manifest file 'yarl.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
  copying yarl__init__.pyi -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl_quoting_c.c -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl_quoting_c.pyi -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl_quoting_c.pyx -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  copying yarl\py.typed -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\yarl
  running build_ext
  building 'yarl._quoting_c' extension
  error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for yarl
Failed to build multidict yarl
ERROR: Could not build wheels for multidict, yarl which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly

显然我去了链接并下载了构建工具，然后检查了 C++ 部分，但是在重新启动计算机、重新安装 visual studio 之后，我仍然遇到同样的问题。我想知道安装过程中是否有我遗漏的部分，或者我是否搞砸了。任何帮助表示赞赏。

原文由 cap 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

1. 打开 visual studio 安装程序并选择修改构建工具
2. 转到各个组件并确保选中 C++ 2019 Redistributable Update、适用于 Windows 的 C++ CMake 工具、MSVC v142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86 构建工具 (v14.27)、C++ AddressSanitizer（实验性）、C++ Build Tools 核心功能。

如果没有检查它们并选择修改。如果您使用的是基于 ARM 或 ARM64 的系统，请将 MSVC v142 - VS 2019 C++ x64/x86 构建工具 (v14.27) 替换为 ARM 或 ARM64 版本。

原文由 unbeatable101 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议