RuntimeError：无法使用 tex 处理字符串，因为找不到乳胶

Question

我试图在 Matplotlib 中使用 LaTeX 渲染文本。 Matplotlib 在 https://matplotlib.org/3.1.1/gallery/text_labels_and_annotations/tex_demo.html 提供了一个演示。

然而，当我运行这个演示时，我得到了这个错误，说“RuntimeError: Failed to process string with tex because latex could not be found”，但我确定我已经安装了 Matlibplot 所需的 Miktex 和 Ghostscript。

任何人都知道我应该如何解决它？谢谢。

 import numpy as np
import matplotlib
matplotlib.rcParams['text.usetex'] = True
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

t = np.linspace(0.0, 1.0, 100)
s = np.cos(4 * np.pi * t) + 2

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6, 4), tight_layout=True)
ax.plot(t, s)

ax.set_xlabel(r'\textbf{time (s)}')
ax.set_ylabel('\\textit{Velocity (\N{DEGREE SIGN}/sec)}', fontsize=16)
ax.set_title(r'\TeX\ is Number $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infty'
             r'\frac{-e^{i\pi}}{2^n}$!', fontsize=16, color='r')
plt.show()

这是错误回溯：

 Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 304, in _run_checked_subprocess
    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 336, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 403, in run
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 709, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 997, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The System Cannot Find the File Specified
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\tkinter__init__.py", line 1702, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\tkinter__init__.py", line 746, in callit
    func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends_backend_tk.py", line 338, in idle_draw
    self.draw()
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_tkagg.py", line 9, in draw
    super(FigureCanvasTkAgg, self).draw()
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 388, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1702, in draw
    **self._tight_parameters)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 2476, in tight_layout
    pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 362, in get_tight_layout_figure
    pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 111, in auto_adjust_subplotpars
    tight_bbox_raw = union([ax.get_tightbbox(renderer) for ax in subplots
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 112, in <listcomp>
    if ax.get_visible()])
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes_base.py", line 4355, in get_tightbbox
    bb_xaxis = self.xaxis.get_tightbbox(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1164, in get_tightbbox
    self._update_label_position(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 2014, in _update_label_position
    bboxes, bboxes2 = self._get_tick_boxes_siblings(renderer=renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1999, in _get_tick_boxes_siblings
    tlb, tlb2 = axx.xaxis._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw, renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1150, in _get_tick_bboxes
    for tick in ticks if tick.label1.get_visible()],
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1150, in <listcomp>
    for tick in ticks if tick.label1.get_visible()],
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 890, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 291, in _get_layout
    ismath="TeX" if self.get_usetex() else False)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 201, in get_text_width_height_descent
    s, fontsize, renderer=self)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 448, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 338, in make_dvi
    texfile], tex)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 308, in _run_checked_subprocess
    'found'.format(command[0])) from exc
RuntimeError: Failed to process string with tex because latex could not be found
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 304, in _run_checked_subprocess
    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 336, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 403, in run
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 709, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 997, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The System Cannot Find the File Specified
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\tkinter__init__.py", line 1702, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends_backend_tk.py", line 259, in resize
    self.draw()
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_tkagg.py", line 9, in draw
    super(FigureCanvasTkAgg, self).draw()
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 388, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1702, in draw
    **self._tight_parameters)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 2476, in tight_layout
    pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 362, in get_tight_layout_figure
    pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 111, in auto_adjust_subplotpars
    tight_bbox_raw = union([ax.get_tightbbox(renderer) for ax in subplots
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 112, in <listcomp>
    if ax.get_visible()])
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes_base.py", line 4355, in get_tightbbox
    bb_xaxis = self.xaxis.get_tightbbox(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1164, in get_tightbbox
    self._update_label_position(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 2014, in _update_label_position
    bboxes, bboxes2 = self._get_tick_boxes_siblings(renderer=renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1999, in _get_tick_boxes_siblings
    tlb, tlb2 = axx.xaxis._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw, renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1150, in _get_tick_bboxes
    for tick in ticks if tick.label1.get_visible()],
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1150, in <listcomp>
    for tick in ticks if tick.label1.get_visible()],
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 890, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 291, in _get_layout
    ismath="TeX" if self.get_usetex() else False)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 201, in get_text_width_height_descent
    s, fontsize, renderer=self)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 448, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 338, in make_dvi
    texfile], tex)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 308, in _run_checked_subprocess
    'found'.format(command[0])) from exc
RuntimeError: Failed to process string with tex because latex could not be found
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 304, in _run_checked_subprocess
    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 336, in check_output
    **kwargs).stdout
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 403, in run
    with Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs) as process:
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 709, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\subprocess.py", line 997, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The System Cannot Find the File Specified

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\tkinter__init__.py", line 1702, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\tkinter__init__.py", line 746, in callit
    func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends_backend_tk.py", line 338, in idle_draw
    self.draw()
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_tkagg.py", line 9, in draw
    super(FigureCanvasTkAgg, self).draw()
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 388, in draw
    self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 38, in draw_wrapper
    return draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1702, in draw
    **self._tight_parameters)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 2476, in tight_layout
    pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 362, in get_tight_layout_figure
    pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 111, in auto_adjust_subplotpars
    tight_bbox_raw = union([ax.get_tightbbox(renderer) for ax in subplots
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\tight_layout.py", line 112, in <listcomp>
    if ax.get_visible()])
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes_base.py", line 4355, in get_tightbbox
    bb_xaxis = self.xaxis.get_tightbbox(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1164, in get_tightbbox
    self._update_label_position(renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 2014, in _update_label_position
    bboxes, bboxes2 = self._get_tick_boxes_siblings(renderer=renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1999, in _get_tick_boxes_siblings
    tlb, tlb2 = axx.xaxis._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw, renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1150, in _get_tick_bboxes
    for tick in ticks if tick.label1.get_visible()],
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.py", line 1150, in <listcomp>
    for tick in ticks if tick.label1.get_visible()],
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 890, in get_window_extent
    bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\text.py", line 291, in _get_layout
    ismath="TeX" if self.get_usetex() else False)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 201, in get_text_width_height_descent
    s, fontsize, renderer=self)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 448, in get_text_width_height_descent
    dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 338, in make_dvi
    texfile], tex)
  File "C:\Users\haiqing\Anaconda3\envs\mie324\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\texmanager.py", line 308, in _run_checked_subprocess
    'found'.format(command[0])) from exc
RuntimeError: Failed to process string with tex because latex could not be found

原文由 nick jia 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

当我尝试更改 matplotlib 的标准字体时，我可能错误地应用了推荐的脚本并破坏了我的 matplotlib，从那一刻起总是收到此错误消息。

简单地重置 matplotlib 设置对我来说非常有效。

 import matplotlib as mpl
mpl.rcParams.update(mpl.rcParamsDefault)

原文由 Thomas 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议