在 Mac OS Big Sur 上使用 pyenv 安装 python 3.6 时出现问题

Question

在我的 MacBook Air OS Big Sur 上安装 Python 3.6.13 时，使用命令 pyenv install 3.6.13 我收到此错误：

 Installing Python-3.6.13...
python-build: use readline from homebrew
python-build: use zlib from xcode sdk

BUILD FAILED (OS X 11.3 using python-build 20180424)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/7j/0qtpb8vs1_s34ynv0f6rrs840000gn/T/python-build.20210304114832.65954
Results logged to /var/folders/7j/0qtpb8vs1_s34ynv0f6rrs840000gn/T/python-build.20210304114832.65954.log

Last 10 log lines:
./Modules/posixmodule.c:8210:15: error: implicit declaration of function 'sendfile' is invalid in C99 [-Werror,-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
        ret = sendfile(in, out, offset, &sbytes, &sf, flags);
              ^
./Modules/posixmodule.c:10432:5: warning: code will never be executed [-Wunreachable-code]
    Py_FatalError("abort() called from Python code didn't abort!");
    ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
1 warning and 1 error generated.
1 warning generated.
make: *** [Modules/posixmodule.o] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....

非常感谢有关如何解决此问题或安装 python 3.6.13 的其他解决方法的任何建议。我目前有 python 3.8，但需要 3.6 才能运行：

 conda install -c deezer-research spleeter

原文由 Jacob Anderson 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

感谢 jordanm，解决方案是遵循 https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1740#issuecomment-738749988

 brew reinstall zlib bzip2

从人们的评论（感谢 Lukasz Czerwinski 和 Alex Veksler）来看，似乎很多人认为下一步是可选的（甚至是危险的）并且更愿意跳过它；不过，如果没有其他方法，值得一试：

 sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
xcode-select --install

无论您是否选择跳过最后一步，继续编辑 .zshrc 或 .bashrc 使用：

 nano ~/.zshrc or nano ~/.bashrc

并添加：

 export PATH="$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"

eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib -L/usr/local/opt/bzip2/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/bzip2/include"

编辑并保存该文件后，运行：

 . ~/.zshrc or . ~/.bashrc

然后运行下面的命令进行安装（更改 3.6.0 以获得所需的补丁）

 CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib" pyenv install --patch 3.6.0 < <(curl -sSL https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/8ea6353.patch\?full_index\=1)

原文由 Jacob Anderson 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 2

根据这个： https ://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1737#issuecomment-731672292 这与提交问题有关，以下修复它。它对我有用。

 CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include"

LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib"

pyenv install --patch 3.6.13 < <(curl -sSL https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/8ea6353.patch\?full_index\=1)

原文由 maede rayati 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议