查找并替换文件python中的多个单词

Question

我从 这里 拿了示例代码。

 f1 = open('file1.txt', 'r')
f2 = open('file2.txt', 'w')
for line in f1:
    f2.write(line.replace('old_text', 'new_text'))
f1.close()
f2.close()

但我无法弄清楚如何用相应的新词替换多个词。在这个例子中，如果我想找到一些像 (old_text1,old_text2,old_text3,old_text4) 这样的词，并用它各自的新词替换 (new_text1,new_text2,new_text3,new_text4) 。

提前致谢！

原文由 bikuser 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

您可以使用 zip 迭代检查词和 toReplace 词，然后替换。

前任：

 checkWords = ("old_text1","old_text2","old_text3","old_text4")
repWords = ("new_text1","new_text2","new_text3","new_text4")

for line in f1:
    for check, rep in zip(checkWords, repWords):
        line = line.replace(check, rep)
    f2.write(line)
f1.close()
f2.close()

原文由 Rakesh 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 2

您可以使用正则表达式模块 ( re ) 中的 sub 替换文本或文件的内容：

 def replace_content(dict_replace, target):
    """Based on dict, replaces key with the value on the target."""

    for check, replacer in list(dict_replace.items()):
        target = sub(check, replacer, target)

    return target

或者只是用 str.replace 不需要 from re import sub ：

 def replace_content(dict_replace, target):
    """Based on dict, replaces key with the value on the target."""

    for check, replacer in list(dict_replace.items()):
        target = target.replace(check, replacer)

    return target

这是完整的实现：

 from re import sub
from os.path import abspath, realpath, join, dirname

file = abspath(join(dirname(__file__), 'foo.txt'))
file_open = open(file, 'r')
file_read = file_open.read()
file_open.close()

new_file = abspath(join(dirname(__file__), 'bar.txt'))
new_file_open = open(new_file, 'w')

def replace_content(dict_replace, target):
    """Based on dict, replaces key with the value on the target."""

    for check, replacer in list(dict_replace.items()):
        target = sub(check, replacer, target)
        # target = target.replace(check, replacer)

    return target

# check : replacer
dict_replace = {
    'ipsum': 'XXXXXXX',
    'amet,': '***********',
    'dolor': '$$$$$'
}

new_content = replace_content(dict_replace, file_read)
new_file_open.write(new_content)
new_file_open.close()

# Test
print(file_read)
# Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

print(new_content)
# Lorem XXXXXXX $$$$$ sit *********** lorem XXXXXXX $$$$$ sit amet

原文由 Treedbox 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议