在 virtualenv 中使用 pip 安装 pyaudio

Question

我正在尝试使用 pip 安装 pyaudio：

 pip install pyaudio

在 virtualenv 中，但出现错误：

 error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

整个输出：

 Collecting pyaudio
  Using cached PyAudio-0.2.9.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: pyaudio
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pyaudio ... error
  Complete output from command /home/mertyildiran/Downloads/VirtualEnvironment/vir1/Cerebrum/ENV/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-GCltlv/pyaudio/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmpyR6J73pip-wheel- --python-tag cp27:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  copying src/pyaudio.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
  running build_ext
  building '_portaudio' extension
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src
  x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/_portaudiomodule.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/_portaudiomodule.o
  src/_portaudiomodule.c:29:23: fatal error: portaudio.h: No such file or directory
   #include "portaudio.h"
                         ^
  compilation terminated.
  error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for pyaudio
  Running setup.py clean for pyaudio
Failed to build pyaudio
Installing collected packages: pyaudio
  Running setup.py install for pyaudio ... error
    Complete output from command /home/mertyildiran/Downloads/VirtualEnvironment/vir1/Cerebrum/ENV/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-GCltlv/pyaudio/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-icMIUV-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/mertyildiran/Downloads/VirtualEnvironment/vir1/Cerebrum/ENV/include/site/python2.7/pyaudio:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    copying src/pyaudio.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7
    running build_ext
    building '_portaudio' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c src/_portaudiomodule.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/src/_portaudiomodule.o
    src/_portaudiomodule.c:29:23: fatal error: portaudio.h: No such file or directory
     #include "portaudio.h"
                           ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/home/mertyildiran/Downloads/VirtualEnvironment/vir1/Cerebrum/ENV/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-GCltlv/pyaudio/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-icMIUV-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/mertyildiran/Downloads/VirtualEnvironment/vir1/Cerebrum/ENV/include/site/python2.7/pyaudio" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-GCltlv/pyaudio

我究竟做错了什么？我是 virtualenvs 的新手。

*我能够安装其他软件包。我只遇到 pyaudio 包的错误。

顺便说一句，我在环境中：

 (ENV) mertyildiran@Corsair:~/Downloads/VirtualEnvironment/vir1/MyProject$

原文由 mertyildiran 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

有些包需要非 Python 软件的支持，例如共享库。这些 不能通过 pip 安装（它们不是 Python 包！）。您通常使用主机的包管理器将它们安装 在主机 上（ apt-get 或 yum 或 dnf 等…），或者您使用 Docker 之类的东西封装依赖项和您的应用程序。

在您的情况下，pyaudio 需要许多库，至少包括 portaudio 。您需要按照问题评论中的建议在系统上安装适当的开发包。

原文由 larsks 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 3.0 许可协议

Answer 2

这对我有用，我遇到了同样的问题：

如果你想在 virtualenv 中安装 PyAudio，请从 APT 安装 PortAudio 开发头文件，然后安装 PyAudio：

 sudo apt-get install portaudio19-dev
pip install --allow-unverified=pyaudio pyaudio

https://pyspotify.mopidy.com/en/latest/api/sink/

原文由 Alejandro 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 3.0 许可协议