使用 pip3 安装 mysqlclient 时遇到问题

Question

我正在尝试使用 Django 设置 python 3.6 环境。安装说明说我应该安装 mysqlclient 才能连接到 mySQL。我明白了：

 dennis@django:~$ sudo -H pip3 install mysqlclient
Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached mysqlclient-1.3.10.tar.gz
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    /bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup.py", line 17, in <module>
        metadata, options = get_config()
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py", line 44, in get_config
        libs = mysql_config("libs_r")
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py", line 26, in mysql_config
        raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))
    OSError: mysql_config not found

    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

mySQL 已正确安装。 mysql_config 文件中应该包含什么？当我尝试升级 pip3 时，我得到了这个：

 dennis@django:~$ sudo -H pip3 install --upgrade pip3
Collecting pip3
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pip3 (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for pip3
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

使用 pip3 安装 mysqlclient 后，我注意到该模块安装在 python3.5 目录而不是 python3.6 目录中，因此当我尝试导入运行 python3.6 的 MySQLdb 模块时，找不到它

dennis@django:~/python_db$ python
Python 3.6.0+ (default, Feb  4 2017, 11:11:46)
[GCC 5.4.1 20161202] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 63, in apport_excepthook
    from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from apport.report import Report
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 30, in <module>
    import apport.fileutils
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/fileutils.py", line 23, in <module>
    from apport.packaging_impl import impl as packaging
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/packaging_impl.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apt/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt_pkg
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
>>>

然后我使用 python 3.5 重新运行并找到了它。如何使用 pip3 将模块安装到 3.6 目录中？

原文由 Dennis M. Gray 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 4.0 许可协议

Answer 1

如果您使用的是 Mac 操作系统，请尝试以下操作：

brew install mysql

如果你使用的是 Ubuntu14/16，试试这个：

sudo apt install libmysqlclient-dev

还有一个：

pip3 可以更新为 sudo pip3 install -U pip

原文由 Beomi 发布，翻译遵循 CC BY-SA 3.0 许可协议